{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:07:44Z","timestamp":1790172464348,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,7]],"date-time":"2025-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757203200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The aim of the present study was to assess the anti\u2010inflammatory effect of hesperidin. The research was conducted by optimizing the hesperidin extraction process from citrus peel powder, followed by characterization and nutrition profiling of citrus peel hesperidin extract. Citrus peel was collected from the local market and dried in a hot air oven. Then it was ground in a grinder to make powder. Then, the powder was extracted first with petroleum ether and then with methanol inside a Soxhlet apparatus. Then, the methanolic extract was filtered and subjected to evaporation in a rotary evaporator. Hesperidin was precipitated and purified with the help of acetic acid and dimethylformamide. The anti\u2010inflammatory and antioxidant perspective of hesperidin was assessed through NO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    production assay, assay of inflammatory cytokines, DPPH, and FRAP, respectively. For instance, in the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, for 10\u2009\u03bcM of hesperidin, the mean reduction value of three different tubes was observed as 3.36\u2009\u00b1\u20090.197. With the rise of the quantity of hesperidin, that is, 50, 75, and 100\u2009\u03bcM, the mean values were observed as 5.48\u2009\u00b1\u20090.279, 7.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.259, and 10.050\u2009\u00b1\u20090.832, respectively. Similarly, for the 2, 2\u2010diphenyl\u20101\u2010picrylhydrazyl assay, the mean percentage reduction of the DPPH by hesperidin was 24\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5774, 35\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5774, 38\u2009\u00b1\u20090.57, and 40%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5% against the concentrations of 10, 25, 50, and 100\u2009\u03bcM, respectively. As far as anti\u2010inflammatory activity is concerned, in the NO2 (Nitrite ion) production assay, the mean production of NO2 by LPS induction was 6.3366\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1\u2009mM. However, co\u2010incubation of hesperidin with LPS in the concentrations of 10, 20, and 30\u2009\u03bcM in the treatments has shown lesser productions of the NO2 as 4.8967\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5\u2009\u03bcM, 3.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.7\u2009\u03bcM, and 2.8667\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5, respectively. Likewise, in the assay of IL\u20108, IL\u20101\u03b2 and TNF\u2010\u03b1 production assay, the mean production rate of cytokines was 0.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.21\u2009ng\/mL, 0.47\u2009\u00b1\u20090.012\u2009ng\/mL, and 0.3633\u2009\u00b1\u20090.045\u2009ng\/mL according to the exposure rate of hesperidin as 0.01\u2009mg\/mL, 0.1\u2009mg\/mL, and 20\u2009\u03bcM of the positive control drug PD98059. With a similar exposure rate of hesperidin and the positive control drug, the mean rate of production of IL\u20101\u03b2 was 0.0467\u2009\u00b1\u20090.079\u2009ng\/mL, 0.0367\u2009\u00b1\u20090.036\u2009ng\/mL, and 0.033\u2009\u00b1\u20090.021\u2009ng\/mL, respectively. The third cytokine TNF\u2010\u03b1 had also shown similar patterns of inhibition against the same dose rate of hesperidin and PD98059. The mean value for the production of TNF\u2010\u03b1 was 0.30\u2009\u00b1\u20090.18\u2009ng\/mL, 0.30\u2009\u00b1\u20090.091\u2009mg\/mL, and 0.1767\u2009\u00b1\u20090.084\u2009ng\/mL against the similar dose of hesperidin and PD98059. The inhibitory effect of hesperidin was more significant in IL\u20108 as compared to IL\u20101\u03b2 and TNF\u2010\u03b1. Conclusively, hesperidin did prove to be a significant antioxidant and anti\u2010inflammatory agent.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.70900","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T04:16:16Z","timestamp":1757304976000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exploring the In\u00a0Vitro Anti\u2010Inflammatory Effect of Citrus Fruit Hesperidin Supplementation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Syed Yaseen Raza","family":"Zaidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences Government College University  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aftab","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences Government College University  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Sanghvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marwadi University Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science Marwadi University  Rajkot Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Roopashree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences JAIN (Deemed to Be University)  Bangalore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aditya","family":"Kashyap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research Impact &amp; Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University  Rajpura Punjab India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9202-0281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nameer Khairullah","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture Tikrit University  Tikrit Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bushra","family":"Niaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science Government College University  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5340-4015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farhan","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science Government College University  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faiza","family":"Jamil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science Government College University  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8610-2686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Nadeem","family":"Akhter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences University of Lahore  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9047-9075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Afzaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science Government College University  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2695-8466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine Tamale","family":"Ndagire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Innovation and Nutrition Mountains of the Moon University  Fort Portal Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2014.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11071261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-017-0326-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2015.49484"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00322-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11081618"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2020.1769021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2004.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"108","article-title":"Determination of Naringin and Hesperidin in Citrus Fruit by High\u2010Performance Liquid Chromatography. 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