{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:08:25Z","timestamp":1790172505009,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Exhaustive physical exercise, while promoting cardiovascular fitness, can paradoxically lead to excessive oxidative stress, systemic fatigue, and myocardial injury. Despite increasing awareness of exhaustion exercise myocardial damage, effective preventive strategies remain limited. Natural bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties have gained attention as potential interventions. Among them, triterpenoids derived from\n                    <jats:italic>Ganoderma lucidum<\/jats:italic>\n                    triterpenoids (GLTs) are notable for their potent free radical scavenging and cytoprotective effects. However, their cardioprotective potential under conditions of exhaustion exercise oxidative stress has not been fully elucidated. This study explores the antifatigue potential of GLTs and elucidates their underlying mechanisms through the establishment of a mouse model of exhaustion exercise via exhaustive treadmill running. This study showed that GLTs significantly alleviated exhaustion exercise by reducing serum fatigue biomarkers (CK, BUN, and LDH) and improving myocardial histopathological conditions. GLTs enhanced antioxidant capacity by decreasing MDA levels, increasing SOD and CAT activities, and elevating GSH content, thereby mitigating oxidative stress. Additionally, GLTs regulated apoptosis by downregulating Bax and Caspase\u20103 expression, upregulating Bcl\u20102 levels, and reducing the Bax\/Bcl\u20102 ratio. Mechanistically, these effects were associated with activation of the Keap1\/Nrf2\/HO\u20101 signaling pathway. Collectively, this study provides new insights into the context\u2010specific role of GLTs in protecting against exhaustion exercise myocardial injury. Our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of GLTs as a natural antioxidant strategy for mitigating oxidative stress, delaying fatigue, and preserving cardiac function under conditions of intensive physical exertion.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.70937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T04:16:28Z","timestamp":1757736988000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Protective Effects of Ganoderma Triterpenoids Supplementation Against Myocardial Injury in Exhaustion Exercise Mice via Regulation of the Keap1\/Nrf2\/\n                    <scp>HO<\/scp>\n                    \u20101 Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2701-5013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingrong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education and Health Guangxi Normal University  Guilin China"},{"name":"College of Sports and Health Guangxi College of Sports Education  Nanning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education and Health Guangxi Normal University  Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangfeng","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education South China Normal University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiguo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education and Health Guangxi Normal University  Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education and Health Guangxi Normal University  Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education and Health Guangxi Normal University  Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengmei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education and Health Guangxi Normal University  Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taotao","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education and Health Guangxi Normal University  Guilin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.15783"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Role of Physical Activity in Strengthening the Immune System","volume":"2","author":"Axtamov D. B.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Open Herald: Periodical of Methodical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00099\u201020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a\u20101834\u20107177"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421\u2010020\u201004432\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldm014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118697"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S327661"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crfs.2022.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","volume-title":"Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China: Volume I","author":"Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5732956"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Farhana A.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules18089966"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.110984"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3491703"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13192\/j.issn.1000\u20101719.2020.11.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.14706"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201200704"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2020.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/NU14224733"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","volume-title":"Laboratory Animal Science","author":"Li Y. W.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6962439"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2022.102389"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16597"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO03219D"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174563"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19540\/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200113.403"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp\u20102018\u2010320050"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11020350"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210\u2010019\u201001680\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421\u2010010\u20101604\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2009.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellbi.2006.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1993.265.6.H2094"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2020.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12982\/CMJS.2025.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2023.166742"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.190"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1265\/ehpm.12.202"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","first-page":"1139","article-title":"Comparative Study on Preventive Effect of Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharides and Triterpenoids on LPS\u2010Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice","volume":"45","author":"Shi Q. Q.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Natural Science)"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100033\u20101345132"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP271889"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13629\/j.cnki.53\u20101054.2020.07.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0001\u20103765202120210314"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8060196"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0035919X.2022.2162621"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_201806_15181"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Effects of Triterpenoids From Ganoderma Lucidum on Immune Function and Differentiation of T Cell Subsets in Mice With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma","volume":"27","author":"Wang S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Guiding Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2022.113429"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7328437"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"The Effects of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Supplementation on ExhaustiveExercise\u2010Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis of Mice Myocardia","volume":"41","author":"Wu X. Q.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fujian Sports Science and Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2021.112073"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.915937"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6882"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13629\/j.cnki.53\u20101054.2020.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16872\/j.cnki.1671\u20104652.2020.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2022.110079"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crfs.2023.100441"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27165347"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.13620"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.07.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11040600"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","first-page":"253","article-title":"The Effect of Exhaustive Exercise on Plasma Metabolic Profiles of Male and Female Rats","volume":"18","author":"Zhou W. B.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine"}],"container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.70937","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/fsn3.70937","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.70937","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T13:50:48Z","timestamp":1790171448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/fsn3.70937"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/fsn3.70937"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/fsn3.70937","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-7177","2048-7177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-7177","type":"print"},{"value":"2048-7177","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70937"}}