{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:09:25Z","timestamp":1790172565334,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a rising global health concern closely linked with obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. Despite its prevalence, there are currently no approved pharmacological treatments.\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Conyza bonariensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    (CB), a traditional medicinal plant, has demonstrated antioxidant, anti\u2010inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties, making it a promising candidate for NAFLD therapy. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of CB n\u2010hexane extract in a rat model of high\u2010fat diet (HFD)\u2010induced NAFLD. In silico molecular docking was conducted to assess the binding affinity of major bioactive constituents to NAFLD\u2010associated targets, including PPAR\u2010\u03b1, PPAR\u2010\u03b3, AMPK, and SREBP\u20101c. In\u00a0vivo, Sprague\u2013Dawley rats (200\u2013300\u2009g) were divided into six groups: control, HFD\u2010induced NAFLD, Silymarin Group, and three treatment groups of three doses of 250, 500, and 750\u2009mg\/kg of CB extracts for 28\u2009days. Biochemical markers (lipid profile, complete blood profile, hemoglobin levels, and glucose parameters) and histopathological liver changes were evaluated. In\u00a0vivo, extract\u2010treated groups showed significant improvement in liver function tests, lipid profiles, and oxidative stress markers (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), with the highest dose group (750\u2009mg\/kg) displaying histologically reduced hepatic steatosis and inflammation. CB n\u2010hexane extracts demonstrated significant hepatoprotective and metabolic regulatory effects in HFD\u2010induced NAFLD in rats, potentially mediated through modulation of PPAR and AMPK pathways. The integration of in silico and pharmacological data supports further exploration of CB as a potential natural therapeutic for NAFLD.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.70950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T16:15:50Z","timestamp":1757693750000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Therapeutic Potential of\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Conyza bonariensis<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    n\u2010Hexane Extract in Non\u2010Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Histological, Biochemical, and In Silico Insights From a High\u2010Fat Diet Rat Model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Bassam S. M.","family":"Al Kazman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy, Najran University  Najran Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadia","family":"Rana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College of Pharmacy University of the Punjab  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4146-3146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faiza","family":"Naseer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences Shifa Tameer e Millat University  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taha","family":"Muhammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shalamar Medical and Dental College  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ethar Abdullah","family":"Mudhish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University  Abha Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed A.","family":"Alshamrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy College Umm Al\u2010Qura University  Makkah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omaish S.","family":"Alqahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy, Najran University  Najran Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mater H.","family":"Mahnashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy King Khalid University  Abha Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Saleem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College of Pharmacy University of the Punjab  Lahore Pakistan"},{"name":"Yashfeen College of Pharmacy Yashfeen Education System  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","first-page":"2457","article-title":"Pharmacological, Phytochemical and Histopathological Basis of Conyza bonariensis in the Potential Management of Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"34","author":"Akhtar M. 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