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Despite the increasing interest in polyphenols from medicinal plants, limited studies have explored the impact of processing and extraction methods on the bioactive compounds of\n                    <jats:italic>Tagetes<\/jats:italic>\n                    flowers, especially those often discarded after a single use. This study investigated and compared the efficacy of extraction methods on polyphenolic compounds by varying methods of drying and extraction. The total phenolics and their antioxidant activities were measured using free radical scavenging, reducing power, and ferrous ion\u2010chelating assays. LC\u2010ESI\u2010QTOF\u2010MS\/MS and high\u2010performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a diode array detector (DAD) were used for the identification and quantification of individual phenolic compounds. The higher total phenolic content and flavonoid content were observed in freeze\u2010dried samples of marigold upon ultrasound extraction using ethanol (74.57\u2009mg GAE\/g). Antioxidant potential in various assays: DPPH (18.49\u2009mg AAE\/g), ABTS (32.14\u2009mg AAE\/g), RPA (66.39\u2009mg TE\/g), TAC (70.25\u2009mg AAE\/g) were also observed highest (70% ethanol), while FRAP (59.76\u2009mg AAE\/g), FICA (2.17\u2009mg EE\/g), and OH\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    (267\u2009mg TE\/g) in (70% acetone) ultrasonicated extracts of freeze\u2010dried samples. FT\u2010IR of various freeze\u2010dried (FD) extract samples were compared with the raw powder of\n                    <jats:italic>Tagetes<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which exhibited similar functional groups, confirming that ultrasonication had no adverse effect on the functional bioactive compounds. Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LCMS\/MS) analysis tentatively identified 33 polyphenolic compounds, including phenolic acids (13), carotenoids (3), flavonoids (14), and other polyphenols in conventional and ultrasound extract samples. High\u2010performance liquid chromatography (HPLC\u2010DAD) quantification of freeze\u2010dried samples showed phenolic acids to be higher for samples [MFEU (85.28\u2009mg\/g)\u2009&gt;\u2009MFAU (70.71\u2009mg\/g)] extracted through ultrasound\u2010assisted extraction. These findings indicate that the application of ultrasound\u2010assisted extraction (UAE), in combination with suitable drying methods and solvent systems, can substantially enhance the recovery of functional compounds from\n                    <jats:italic>Tagetes flowers<\/jats:italic>\n                    , its potential utilization in nutraceuticals and functional food products, while also contributing to the reduction of plant\u2010based waste.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T04:14:58Z","timestamp":1759551298000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Characterization of Polyphenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of\n                    <i>Tagetes<\/i>\n                    Flowers With Varying Treatments Using\n                    <scp>LC<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>ESI<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>QToF<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>MS<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>MS<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4575-444X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayesha","family":"Siddiqa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Science and Technology Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology  Rahim Yar Khan Punjab Pakistan"},{"name":"School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences University of Melbourne  Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adnan","family":"Khaliq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Science and Technology Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology  Rahim Yar Khan Punjab Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Tauseef","family":"Sultan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition Bahauddin Zakariya University  Multan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1527-0794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Farhan J.","family":"Chugthai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Science and Technology Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology  Rahim Yar Khan Punjab Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samreen","family":"Ahsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Science and Technology Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology  Rahim Yar Khan Punjab Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waseem","family":"Khalid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies University of Castilla La Mancha  Ciudad Real Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hafiz","family":"Suleria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences University of Melbourne  Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"120","article-title":"Management of Temple Floral Waste and Utilization of Value Added Floral Waste Product: A Review","volume":"11","author":"Adhikary K.","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal for Environmental Rehabilitation and 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