{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:20:01Z","timestamp":1790713201416,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012247","name":"Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22Y11906100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22Y11906100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012247","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Infertility impacts 48\u2009million couples globally, and accumulating evidence suggests that micronutrients potentially influence reproductive health. This Mendelian randomization study investigates causal relationships between 15 micronutrients and infertility in both males and females, aiming to complement existing nutritional epidemiology insights. Genetic association estimates for micronutrient biomarkers (including selenium, iron, \u03b2\u2010carotene, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, folate, vitamins B\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    , B\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    , C, D, zinc, copper, iodine, and manganese) and infertility phenotypes were derived from European\u2010ancestry genome\u2010wide association study (GWAS) cohorts. For causal inference, inverse\u2010variance weighted MR served as the primary analytical method, supplemented by MR\u2010Egger and weighted median approaches. In female, genetically predicted higher levels of selenium (OR\u2009=\u20090.94; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.90\u20130.99;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.019), iron (OR\u2009=\u20090.89; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.80\u20130.98;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.023), and \u03b2\u2010carotene (OR\u2009=\u20090.87; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.80\u20130.96;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.005) demonstrated inverse associations with risk, suggesting potential protective effects. In males, higher phosphorus exhibited a strong positive correlation with infertility (OR\u2009=\u20094.05; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.37\u201311.96;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.011). No significant associations were observed for the remaining micronutrients. This Mendelian randomization study comprehensively evaluates the causal effects of 15 micronutrients on infertility in both sexes. The findings highlight potential protective roles of selenium, iron, and \u03b2\u2010carotene in female infertility and identify phosphorus as a risk factor for male infertility. These results support the development of sex\u2010specific nutritional strategies for fertility improvement.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:07:10Z","timestamp":1761707230000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Causal Associations of Circulating Micronutrients With the Risk of Infertility: A Mendelian Randomization Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9809-0945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal\u2010Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal\u2010Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pusheng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal\u2010Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal\u2010Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaxin","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal\u2010Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenwen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal\u2010Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemoradiotherapy the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1183-1742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal\u2010Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11020251"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0739\u20107240(99)00059\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/aiua.2020.2.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/5.12.1107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40738\u2010016\u20100026\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.115.008516"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000238333.37423.ab"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.737077"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0297129"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13044\u2010020\u201000090\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2008.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.4.8421"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.08.1410"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13100839"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003530"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1509760"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.108.006940"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jp278473"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002\u2010021291"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/raf\u201023\u20100074"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.2009111104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwy101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15051180"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxz149"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddr296"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011\u2010016\u20100911\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1001045"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des247"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13093256"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddr387"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003796"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu156"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.08.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140\u20106736(91)93255\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2008.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2020.102533"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmx006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","first-page":"377","volume-title":"Its Molecular Biology and Role in Human Health","author":"Schomburg L.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007807.pub4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/gco.0000000000000887"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9051400"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2021.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356\u2010021\u201016581\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etp.2013.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2009.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2020\u2010074"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12092624"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.20701"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.285.5432.1393"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11626\u2010019\u201000373\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.96413"}],"container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.71084","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/fsn3.71084","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.71084","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T12:38:09Z","timestamp":1790167089000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/fsn3.71084"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/fsn3.71084"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/fsn3.71084","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-7177","2048-7177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-7177","type":"print"},{"value":"2048-7177","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71084"}}