{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T13:06:01Z","timestamp":1790168761471,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019220","name":"Salahaddin University-Erbil","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019220","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Agrimonia eupatoria<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    commonly utilized in traditional medicine in treating various ailments has not been investigated for its impact on gastric ulceration in rats. This study aims to examine the gastroprotective effects of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>A. eupatoria<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    leaf extract on acute gastric mucosal damage induced by absolute ethanol in\n                    <jats:italic>Sprague Dawley<\/jats:italic>\n                    rats. Thirty rats were randomly assigned to five groups: negative control, ulcer control, omeprazole, and two experimental groups. Macroscopic examination revealed severe stomach mucosal injuries and reduced stomach mucus secretion and stomach pH in the ulcer control rats. Rats pre\u2010treated with\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>A. eupatoria<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    extract exhibited a significant reduction in ulcer area, increased mucus production, and an increase in stomach pH compared to the ulcer control group. Histology of rats pre\u2010nourished with\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>A. eupatoria<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    extract using hematoxylin and eosin (H &amp; E) stains importantly decreased gastric lesions, ulcer areas, edema, and white blood cell permeation of the submucosal stratum. Likewise, treated groups showed increased intensity of periodic acid\u2010Schiff (PAS) staining in the stomach epithelium compared to the ulcer control group, indicating enhanced mucosal protection. In stomach homogenate,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>A. eupatoria<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    established a significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities as well as significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In conclusion,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>A. eupatoria<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    extract documented gastroprotective influence, reduction in ulcer area, rise in pH, and mucus excretion, increased SOD and CAT, and reduced MDA level.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T11:32:56Z","timestamp":1763551976000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["<i>Agrimonia eupatoria<\/i>\n                    Leaf Extract Attenuates Alcohol\u2010Induced Oxidative Stress, Ulcer and Alleviates Stomach Damage in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7241-9885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suhayla Hamad","family":"Shareef","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Education Salahaddin University\u2010Erbil  Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq"},{"name":"Department of Forensic Evidence, College of Science Al\u2010Kitab University  Kirkuk Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0156-6933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nahla Kamal","family":"Asaad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture University of Kirkuk  Kirkuk Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8831-3018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noor Ali","family":"Gheni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Education\u2010Shaqlawa Salahaddin University\u2010Erbil  Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4543-1277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derin Nabaz","family":"Fisal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Erbil Medical Technical Institute Erbil Polytechnical University  Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7212-959X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nabaz Fisal","family":"Shakir Agha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Erbil Medical Technical Institute Erbil Polytechnic University  Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1418-8721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronak Tahr","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technical Radiology, College of Medical Technology Al\u2010Kitab University  Kirkuk Kurdistan Region Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9546-4008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmood Ameen","family":"Abdulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Analysis Department, Applied Science Faculty Tishk International University  Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/AAlim.41.2012.3.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-024-03449-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431x2024e13306"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","article-title":"The Potential Gastro\u2010Protective Effect of Qaysum (Achillea fragrantissima) Against Ethanol\u2010Induced Gastric Ulcer in Wistar Albino Rats","volume":"15","author":"Alhejaily T. B.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2018.1446146"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27227908"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.128839"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S107018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","first-page":"226","article-title":"Anti\u2010Ulcerogenic Activity of Aqueous Extract of Ficus Deltoidea Against Ethanol\u2010Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats","volume":"3","author":"Anuar S. F. Z. M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annals of Medicine & Healthcare Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7NP00052A"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2020.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114260"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.798421"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c01341"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","volume-title":"NF\u2010kB Transcription Factors","author":"Gilmore T.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1509057"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37358\/RC.18.9.6539"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2012.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13510002.2023.2218679"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2004.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/2210289201304010202"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11182371"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113550"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26247706"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.133616"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Antioxidant and \u03b1\u2010Glucosidase Inhibition Activities and Polyphenol Content of Five Species of Agrimonia Genus","volume":"15","author":"Kub\u00ednov\u00e1 R.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules201119715"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8020179"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32404-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2007.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/4545188","article-title":"Protective Effects of Aqueous Extracts of the Herb of \n                     Paederia scandens\n                   (Lour.) Merr. Against HCl\/EtOH\u2010Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats: Involvement and Inhibitors' Identification of NF\u2010\u03baB Signaling","volume":"2023","author":"Li Q.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Food Biochemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114626"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Evaluation of Cytoprotection Against Ethanol\u2010Induced Injury in Gastric Mocosa Pretreated With Honey Alone, Honey in Combination With Ocimum bacilicum Oil or Honey in Combination With Cimetidine in Rats","volume":"4","author":"Mahmood A.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"Cytoprotective Effects of Honey and Methanol Extracts From P. granatum L. Fruit Peel and N. sativa L. Seeds on Ethanol\u2010Induced Gastric Damage in Rats","volume":"2","author":"Mahmood A.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Food Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115498"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-019-01699-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/710856"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSSR.2010.5773679"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","first-page":"34","article-title":"Cytoprotective Effect of Benzyl N'\u2010(Indol\u20103\u2010yl\u2010Methylidene)\u2010Hydrazinecarbodithioate Against Ethanol\u2010Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats","volume":"5","author":"Mughrabi F. F.","year":"2011","journal-title":"African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.10.7121"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S120564"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.934641"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2010.11.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/72.5.1150"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","volume-title":"Klucz do Oznaczania Roslin Naczyniowych Polski Nizowej","author":"Rutkowski L.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md21010025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2013.05.028"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Salvadora persica (Miswak) and of Syzigium aromaticum (Clove) Extracts Against Dental Plaque Pathogens","volume":"11","author":"Shareef S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kirkuk Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10286020.2025.2534620"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2022.103506"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","first-page":"1314","article-title":"Gastroprophylactic Effects of p\u2010Cymene in Ethanol\u2010Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats","volume":"10","author":"Shareef S. H.","year":"2022","journal-title":"PRO"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24086\/cuesj.v6n2y2022.pp68-75"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","article-title":"In Vivo Gastroprotective Upshots of the Novel Schiff Base CdCl2 (C14H21N3O2) Compound by Bax\/HSP\u201070 Signaling and Inflammatory Cytokines","volume":"16","author":"Shareef S. H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/ajps.2019.70246"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10020332"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.058438"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"Stem Bark Methanolic Extract of Bauhinia thonningii (Schum) Demonstrates Gastroprotective Properties Against In\u00a0Vivo Ethanol\u2010Induced Injury","volume":"3","author":"Taha M. M. E.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Functional Food Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb14040182"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2006.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JMPR09.412"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-022-02130-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105576"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO02684D"}],"container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.71203","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/fsn3.71203","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.71203","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T12:33:02Z","timestamp":1790166782000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/fsn3.71203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/fsn3.71203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/fsn3.71203","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-7177","2048-7177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-7177","type":"print"},{"value":"2048-7177","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71203"}}