{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:00:10Z","timestamp":1791842410466,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study developed halochromic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films incorporated with anthocyanins extracted from\n                    <jats:italic>Kalancho\u00eb blossfeldiana<\/jats:italic>\n                    leaves (KBA1\u2013KBA3) for intelligent food packaging. Anthocyanins were obtained using acidified ethanol and purified via column chromatography before incorporation into PVA via solvent casting. The addition of anthocyanins increased film thickness (0.124 to 0.170\u2009mm), opacity, solubility, and swelling degree, while reducing water contact angle (86.21\u00b0 to 68.31\u00b0) and enhancing hydrophilicity. Water vapor permeability increased, and color parameters (L*, a*, b*) shifted markedly with pigment loading. AFM revealed increased surface roughness, correlating with reduced tensile strength and flexibility. Films exhibited strong antioxidant activity (~70% DPPH and ABTS scavenging) and antimicrobial effects, with inhibition zones up to ~8\u2009mm against\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . Thermal analysis indicated decreased stability with anthocyanin incorporation. Applied to chicken filet storage, the films showed clear, progressive halochromic color changes aligned with spoilage markers\u2014pH increase (3.2 to 8.5), TVB\u2010N (&gt;\u200930\u2009mg\u2009N\/100\u2009g), and peroxide value (13.26\u2009meq O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/kg) over 14\u2009days. This is the first report using\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>K. blossfeldiana<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    anthocyanins in intelligent packaging, demonstrating their multifunctional potential for sustainable meat freshness monitoring.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T11:55:00Z","timestamp":1764330900000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Development of Halochromic and Bioactive Polyvinyl Alcohol Films Enriched With\n                    <i>Kalancho\u00eb blossfeldiana<\/i>\n                    Anthocyanins for Active and Intelligent Poultry Packaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9677-7882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Younis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Dates Industry and Technology, Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8595-3843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diaeldin Omer","family":"Abdelkarim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Khartoum  Khartoum Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Abdelbaset","family":"Salama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute  Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona Hussein","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute  Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0227-3750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reham M.","family":"Kamel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Engineering Research Institute Agricultural Research Center  Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abdin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute  Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmin","family":"Salama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Specific Education, Kafrelsheikh University  Kafrelsheikh Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Said","family":"El Harkaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Rubner\u2010Institut (MRI) Department of Safety and Quality of Cereals, Working Group for Lipid Research  Detmold Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Reda","family":"Badr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Elsayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture Tanta University  Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Production and Characterization of Sodium Alginate\/Gum Arabic Based Films Enriched With \n                     Syzygium cumini\n                   Seeds Extracts for Food Application","volume":"30","author":"Abdin M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Polymers and the Environment"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.124474"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.131249"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pts.2775"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11694-024-02706-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14081629"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42235-025-00693-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.090"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.2856"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.130949"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balti\u0107 T. J.\u0106iri\u0107 B.Velebit et\u00a0al.2017.\u201cChanges in Total Viable Count and TVB\u2010N Content in Marinated Chicken Breast Fillets During Storage.\u201d Paper Presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/85\/1\/012073"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2021.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.126192"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.130611"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ansa.202300065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2022.114108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","unstructured":"Danna C.2024.\u201cBy\u2010Products From Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: From Tradition to Innovation.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47836\/ifrj.32.3.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2023.108771"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10924-022-02551-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9100923"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.food.080708.100754"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14204430"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-69868-2_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2020.109468"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207233.2015.1082249"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14194129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.1060.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2022.07.015"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Roselle Anthocyanin Stability Profile and Its Potential Role in Post\u2010Harvest Deterioration: A Review","volume":"9","author":"Lema A. A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant Science Today"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings12101392"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11947-025-03845-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2023.109106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25173809"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12101943"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app11093936"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28186742"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.202301347"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2010-00738"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life13030646"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429023101-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-819233-7.00017-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.201500324"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16040495"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10341-022-00698-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5219\/1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10924-019-01619-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2011.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2020.1776211"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.69930\/ajer.v1i3.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0172273"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9111599"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-80060-3_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29235548"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-70799-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13050717"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fanim.2024.1332694"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.282"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/fst.98022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2023.2293253"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fpsl.2020.100550"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","first-page":"492","article-title":"Caking Prevention in Palm Date Powder Using Isomalt\u2010Infused PVA Films","volume":"44","author":"Younis M.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2013.805316"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pts.2869"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2024.138506"}],"container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.71235","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/fsn3.71235","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.71235","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T13:40:41Z","timestamp":1771422041000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/fsn3.71235"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/fsn3.71235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/fsn3.71235","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-7177","2048-7177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-7177","type":"print"},{"value":"2048-7177","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71235"}}