{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:02:50Z","timestamp":1789988570550,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102022\u2010NR069365"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102022\u2010NR069365"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Industrialization, air pollution, and respiratory infections have highlighted the importance of maintaining respiratory health.\n                    <jats:italic>Ecklonia cava<\/jats:italic>\n                    Kjellman (EC) has anti\u2010inflammatory, antioxidative, and anti\u2010allergic effects and therapeutic potential for respiratory symptoms. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of\n                    <jats:italic>Ecklonia cava<\/jats:italic>\n                    Kjellman extract complex (EEC), composed of EC and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Chrysanthemum indicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    Linnaeus (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>C. indicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) extract, in respiratory health. A randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled, multicenter clinical trial was conducted. Participants (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009106) were randomly allocated to the EEC and placebo groups at a 1:1 ratio and administered EEC or placebo twice daily for 12\u2009weeks, with four visits (screening and weeks 0, 6, and 12). Breathlessness, cough, and sputum scale (BCSS), pulmonary function test (forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1\u2009s (FEV\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), and FEV\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/FVC), St. George's respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ), visual analogue scale (VAS), and modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (mMRC) were assessed. BCSS (total, breathlessness, and sputum scores), FEV\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and VAS (cough and sputum) were significantly improved in the EEC group compared with the placebo group. No significant differences in SGRQ and mMRC between the groups. Safety assessments showed no severe adverse events or clinically significant changes. Given the established pharmacological mechanisms of EC, including its anti\u2010inflammatory, antioxidative, anti\u2010allergic, and antimicrobial effects, the results of this study support the potential of EEC for relieving respiratory symptoms and improving respiratory health.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T06:45:45Z","timestamp":1768027545000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of\n                    <i>Ecklonia cava<\/i>\n                    Kjellman Extract Complex in Respiratory Health: A Randomized, Double\u2010Blind, Placebo\u2010Controlled, Multicenter Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Seong\u2010Cheon","family":"Woo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine Daejeon University  Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine Daejeon University  Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine Daejeon University  Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In Chul","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine Daejeon University  Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Woong","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Konyang University Hospital  Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beom\u2010Joon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy, Immune and Respiratory System, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee Korean Medicine Hospital  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Oh","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Center, S&amp;D Co. Ltd.  Cheongju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung\u2010Hee","family":"Byeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Center, S&amp;D Co. Ltd.  Cheongju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang Chun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine Daejeon University  Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217\u2010006\u20100510\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.3133"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3132\/pcrj.2007.00038"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11050965"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.54.7.581"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(10)61380\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.691227"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2049\u20106958\u20108\u201012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15412550802363386"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408\u2010019\u201000305\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/eujmi.2.2012.3.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202008\u20103328PP"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201211\u20102103OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954\u20106111(06)80166\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16081185"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16132128"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2007.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4490\/algae.2014.29.2.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology9040083"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2018.04.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15616\/BSL.2021.27.4.334"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2022.37.e275"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4FO00940A"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2025.116862"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.124.6.2182"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954\u20106111(03)80016\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1538311"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2016.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja17.00285"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11869\u2010021\u201001088\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14041"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23937\/2572\u20103308.1510024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-44519-8_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906\u2010021\u201003409\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882\u2010024\u201001149\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2013.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9721\/KJFST.2019.51.5.503"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md19030131"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf2007248"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811\u2010019\u201001964\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3559"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2008.098483"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22159\/ajpcr.2020.v13i3.36130"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09637486.2011.619965"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00470"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/246407"}],"container-title":["Food Science &amp; 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