{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T23:11:02Z","timestamp":1789168262783,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001043","name":"Cass Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001043","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001232","name":"Royal Australasian College of Physicians","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001232","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is commonly associated with mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety. Carnosine, an over\u2010the\u2010counter food supplement, may improve depressive symptoms through its anti\u2010inflammatory properties; however, its effects on depressive symptoms and quality of life in prediabetes or T2DM remain unexplored. This randomized controlled trial aimed to examine whether carnosine supplementation may improve depressive symptoms and quality of life among individuals with prediabetes and well\u2010controlled T2DM. A total of 38 participants (73.6% male) with a median (IQR) age of 54.8\u2009years (46.2, 59.4) and mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD body mass index (BMI) of 29.0\u2009\u00b1\u20094.2\u2009kg\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    were randomized to carnosine (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200918) or placebo (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200920) for 14\u2009weeks. None of the patients were diagnosed with depression or anxiety or any other chronic disease other than prediabetes (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200920, 52.6%) and T2DM (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200918, 47.4%), the latter being well\u2010controlled with diet or metformin only. Depressive symptoms were measured using the patient health questionnaire (PHQ\u20108) and health\u2010related quality of life was measured with five\u2010dimension EuroQoL three level (EQ\u20105D\u20103L) scale. Paired\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010tests were employed for within\u2010group comparisons. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used for between group comparisons adjusted for age, BMI, and baseline values. Carnosine supplementation resulted in improvement of depressive symptoms assessed by total PHQ\u20108 score (mean difference\u2009=\u2009\u22122.0; 95% CI: \u22123.9, \u22120.2;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.03), compared with placebo. However, the eight subcomponents of the PHQ\u20108 scale did not show significant changes (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). There were no significant changes both in between\u2010group and within\u2010group comparisons in health\u2010related quality of life scores (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). We demonstrated for the first time that carnosine supplementation resulted in a modest improvement in depressive symptoms in individuals with prediabetes or T2DM. Further studies are needed to corroborate these findings in larger cohorts with more diverse baseline risk profiles.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                    NCT02917928\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T09:57:12Z","timestamp":1772963832000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Effect of Carnosine Supplementation on Depressive Symptoms and Health\u2010Related Quality of Life in Individuals With Prediabetes and Well\u2010Controlled Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Robel Hussen","family":"Kabthymer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Feehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University  Bundoora Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Mousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Aldini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"de Courten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health and Sport Victoria University  Footscray Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Cameron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash Heart, Monash Health  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8760-2511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbora","family":"de Courten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University  Bundoora Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Diabetes &amp; Vascular Medicine Monash Health  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14737167.2022.2011216"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10715762.2020.1856830"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101675"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.2022.\u201cDiabetes: Australian Facts.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/diabetes\/diabetes."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","first-page":"120","article-title":"The Association Between Diabetes Mellitus and Depression","volume":"9","author":"Badescu S. 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