{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:08:26Z","timestamp":1790690906205,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In this study, the morphological properties, antioxidant activities, and phytochemical content of\n                    <jats:italic>Spiranthes spiralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    L. seed methanol extracts were characterized and analyzed in silico. Microscopic analysis revealed a fusiform seed shape characterized by prominent basal cells with thick, slanted ridges and polygonal testa structures. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) identified distinct absorption bands corresponding to O\u2013H, \u2013CH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2013, C=O, and other functional groups, indicating the presence of phenolic compounds, proteins, and polysaccharides. The total phenolic content was measured at 24.65\u2009\u00b1\u20091.43\u2009mg GAE\/g dry weight, while flavonoid and tannin contents were determined to be 43.98\u2009\u00b1\u20093.10\u2009mg QE\/g dry weight and 2.13\u2009\u00b1\u20090.13\u2009mg GAE\/g dry weight, respectively. Antioxidant activity, assessed via DPPH radical scavenging, yielded an IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    value of 0.21\u2009mg\/mL, indicating a strong antioxidant potential associated with the phenolic content. The gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (GC\u2013MS) analysis revealed 20 bioactive compounds, with 2,2\u2010dimethoxybutane and hydrazinecarbothioamide among the major constituents. Molecular docking indicated high binding affinities to the GPR52 receptor, with 4,4,6,6\u2010tetramethyl\u20101,3\u2010dioxane displaying the lowest binding energy (\u22126.3\u2009kcal\/mol). Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) predictions revealed mixed toxicity profiles, as hydroxyacetic acid, hydrazide, and hydrazinecarbothioamide were flagged for potential mutagenicity. Further computational analysis, including Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP) and non\u2010covalent interaction (NCI) and reduced density gradient (RDG) mapping, supported the presence of well\u2010defined electrostatic regions and weak interaction zones. Additionally, the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)\u2013lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and global reactivity descriptors suggested that hydrazinecarbothioamide exhibits high electrophilicity and reactivity. At the same time, 2,2\u2010dimethoxybutane was found to be more chemically stable and less reactive. Overall, the findings emphasize the phytochemical richness and bioactive potential of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>S. spiralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    seeds, offering promising perspectives for future pharmacological and biotechnological applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T10:11:07Z","timestamp":1770804667000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chemical Fingerprinting of\n                    <i>Spiranthes spiralis<\/i>\n                    L. Methanol Seed Extract: Spectroscopic, Chromatographic, and Computational Approaches"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6045-0183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erdi Can","family":"Aytar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture Usak University  U\u015fak T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ta\u015fk\u0131n","family":"Bas\u0131l\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Ondokuz May\u0131s University  Samsun T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0571-4219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Altevir Rossato","family":"Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Federal University of Santa Maria  Santa Maria 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