{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T23:09:59Z","timestamp":1789168199481,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012542","name":"Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Support Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFS0470"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFS0470"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018542","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025ZNSFSC1801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025ZNSFSC1801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016350","name":"Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25MSZX305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25MSZX305"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016350","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025M772814"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025M772814"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Gut microbiota disruption has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Although\n                    <jats:italic>Astragalus<\/jats:italic>\n                    polysaccharides (APS) exert neuroprotective effects and modulate gut microbial composition, the precise mechanisms underlying these actions remain unknown. This research sought to clarify how APS modulates the gut microbiota during AD progression. Triple\u2010transgenic (3xTg) AD mice received daily oral APS for 4\u2009weeks. Cognitive performance was evaluated with the Morris water maze (MWM). Immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and western blotting measured \u03b2\u2010amyloid (A\u03b2) deposition and microglial and astrocyte markers. IHC also evaluated intestinal tight\u2010junction proteins (zonula occludens\u20101 and occludin). Inflammatory markers in the brain, blood, and intestine were quantified using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Gut microbiota was analyzed through 16S rRNA sequencing. Treatment with APS significantly improved learning and memory performance in 3xTg mice. APS administration reduced cerebral A\u03b2 deposition, decreased phosphorylated tau, presenilin\u20101, and \u03b2\u2010secretase 1 levels, and elevated ADAM10 expression. APS significantly altered gut microbiota, notably increasing\n                    <jats:italic>Akkermansia<\/jats:italic>\n                    and decreasing\n                    <jats:italic>Alistipes<\/jats:italic>\n                    . At the intestinal level, APS enhanced expression of tight\u2010junction proteins ZO\u20101 and occludin and reversed AD\u2010associated structural alterations in the intestinal lining. Furthermore, APS reduced inflammatory cytokine levels in intestinal tissue, peripheral blood, and brain tissue, as reflected by modulated IL\u20104, IL\u201010, TGF\u2010\u03b2, TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, and IL\u20106 expressions. The attenuation of neuroinflammation may be attributed to the inhibitory effect of APS on microglial and astrocyte activation. APS reduces neuroinflammation in AD by modulating gut microbiota, contributing to cognitive and pathological improvements, thus indicating its therapeutic potential for AD.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T11:06:25Z","timestamp":1772967985000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<i>Astragalus<\/i>\n                    Polysaccharides Can Effectively Alleviate Cognitive Impairment in Mice With Alzheimer's Disease by Regulating the Gut Microbiota"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xilian","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Agri\u2010Forestry Southwest University of Science and Technology  Mianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyun","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Agri\u2010Forestry Southwest University of Science and Technology  Mianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Di","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of National Defense &amp; Nuclear Science and Technology Southwest University of Science and Technology  Mianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyan","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Agri\u2010Forestry Southwest University of Science and Technology  Mianyang China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Mianyang 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