{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:07:43Z","timestamp":1790172463380,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aims to assess the association between the Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI\u2010GM) and sarcopenic obesity (SO) in middle\u2010aged and elderly populations, and to evaluate whether the Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI) acts as the mediation in this relationship. A cross\u2010sectional analysis was conducted on 3746 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2011 to 2018. Weighted multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used to explore the association between DI\u2010GM and the prevalence of SO, DI\u2010GM and HSI, and HSI and the prevalence of SO. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was used to assess the potential nonlinear relationship between DI\u2010GM and SO. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the consistency of this relationship across different demographic groups. Additionally, mediation analysis was conducted to explore whether there existed a potential association between DI\u2010GM, HSI, and SO. Among the 3746 participants included in the study, 369 (9.8%) were diagnosed with SO. After adjusting for all covariates by weighted multivariate logistic regression, each unit increase in DI\u2010GM was associated with a 15% decrease in the prevalence of SO [Model 3: OR\u2009=\u20090.85, 95% CI (0.76, 0.95),\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.006]. When DI\u2010GM was categorized into quartiles, the results remained significant [Model 3: OR\u2009=\u20090.47, 95% CI (0.30, 0.75),\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.002]. Further analysis indicated that the protective effect of DI\u2010GM was primarily attributed to the Beneficial gut microbiota score (BGMS). RCS analysis revealed a significant linear relationship between DI\u2010GM and SO (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Subgroup analysis demonstrated the robustness of this association across various subgroups. Mediation analysis showed that 17.8% of the association between DI\u2010GM and SO was mediated by HSI (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). DI\u2010GM is significantly inversely associated with the prevalence of SO in the aging population, and HSI partially mediates this association.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T04:51:42Z","timestamp":1774932702000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association Between Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota and Sarcopenic Obesity in Middle\u2010Aged and Elderly Population: The Mediation Role of Hepatic Steatosis Index"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xiudi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepato\u2010Biliary\u2010Pancreatic Surgery Shaoxing People's Hospital  Shaoxing China"},{"name":"School of Medicine Shaoxing University  Shaoxing China"},{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital Shaoxing University  Shaoxing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3622-0400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, General Surgery Center Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8438-9815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenwen","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7564-0092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuxing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Nanjing BenQ Hospital Affiliated Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baochun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepato\u2010Biliary\u2010Pancreatic Surgery Shaoxing People's Hospital  Shaoxing China"},{"name":"School of Medicine Shaoxing University  Shaoxing China"},{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital Shaoxing University  Shaoxing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haijun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepato\u2010Biliary\u2010Pancreatic Surgery Shaoxing People's Hospital  Shaoxing China"},{"name":"School of Medicine Shaoxing University  Shaoxing China"},{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital Shaoxing University  Shaoxing 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