{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:07:11Z","timestamp":1790172431323,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Hypothyroidism is a prevalent endocrine disorder characterized by the inadequate production of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), leading to various physiological dysfunctions. Current treatments often involve synthetic hormone replacement, which is limited by some adverse effects. This study investigated the therapeutic efficacy of a methanolic extract of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Withania somnifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    root (MEWS) in propylthiouracil (PTU)\u2010induced hypothyroid rats. Forty rats were divided into five groups (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20098): (1) negative control (NC), receiving no treatment; (2) positive control (PC), administered 0.05% w\/v PTU to induce hypothyroidism; (3)\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>W. somnifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    control (WSC), treated with 500\u2009mg\/kg\/day MEWS alone; (4)\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>W. somnifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    treatment (WST\u2010500), receiving 500\u2009mg\/kg\/day MEWS alongside PTU; and (5) combination therapy (CT\u2010500), treated with both 500\u2009mg\/kg\/day MEWS and 0.05% w\/v PTU. Serum hormones (TSH, T3, T4) were measured by ELISA, thyroid histopathology was analyzed, and thyroperoxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin (TG) gene expression were quantified by qPCR. Molecular docking and ADMET profiling were employed to identify bioactive phytochemicals that target the thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) and Type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (D2). PTU induction significantly increased thyroid weight (175.8%), TSH levels (4.45\u2010fold), and TPO\/TG expression (4.28 and 3.10\u2010fold), while reducing T3 and T4 (82% and 75%; all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). MEWS treatment (WST\u2010500) significantly reversed these effects, reducing thyroid weight (55.8%), TSH (74.2%), and TPO\/TG expression, while restoring T3 and T4 levels to near\u2010normal (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Histopathology revealed reduced fibrosis and improved follicular architecture. A computational study identified phytochemicals with strong binding affinities for TSHR and D2 and favorable ADMET properties. These findings suggest that MEWS may ameliorate hypothyroidism by regulating hormone levels, gene expression, and thyroid morphology, indicating its potential as an adjunct or alternative to conventional hormone replacement therapies for hypothyroidism.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T11:43:39Z","timestamp":1776426219000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>\n                      <i>Withania somnifera<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Root Extract Ameliorates\n                    <scp>PTU<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Induced Hypothyroidism by Regulating Hormone Levels and Gene Expression in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Md. Saud","family":"Hossain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University  Tangail Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9153-6066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Shah Poran","family":"Shuvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University  Tangail Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Maruf Hasan","family":"Talukder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University  Tangail Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Shahidullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University  Tangail Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9643-1079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sumaia","family":"Jannat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University  Tangail Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1914-7489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. M. Riaduzzaman","family":"Niaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University  Tangail Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8344-1976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md","family":"Sohel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University  Tangail Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Khairul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University  Tangail Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033\u2010019\u201004721\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-019-04721-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25122\/jml-2024-0050"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40816-024-00371-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(03)00110-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-060622-101007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.13559"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2374-8756"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17582\/journal.aavs\/2024\/12.12.2557.2563"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25168792"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","first-page":"1920","article-title":"Effect of Melatonin on Reproductive Function in Propylthiouracil Induced Hypothyroidism in Adult Male Rats","volume":"28","author":"Ezzat W.","year":"2024","journal-title":"European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28031208"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21448\/ijsm.1225936"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","unstructured":"Giri D.2020.\u201cHematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) Staining: Principle Procedure and Interpretation.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.1150181505"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2013.835325"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-024-07048-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","unstructured":"Homogenize tissue samples in Tri\u2010RNA R. n.d.\u201cProcedure: FavorPrep TM Tri\u2010RNA Reagent Procedure\u2009: Add 1 ml of Tri\u2010RNA Reagent to 100 mg Tissue (or Precipitated Blood RNA Viruses From up to 10 ml of Blood or 106 Cultured Cells or 10 cm2of Culture Plate) 2.\u201d20230110."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-015-2199-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phyplu.2022.100298"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv951"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10091442"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","first-page":"184","article-title":"The Biological Activity Assessment of Potential Drugs Acting on Cardiovascular System Using Lipinski and Veber Rules","volume":"8","author":"Kowalska M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","first-page":"292","volume-title":"Ashwagandha","author":"Kumar P.","year":"2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0115748855276876231114074145"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(96)00423-1"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","first-page":"334","article-title":"Scientific Basis for the Therapeutic Use of \n                     Withania somnifera\n                   (Ashwagandha): A Review","volume":"5","author":"Mishra L.\u2010C.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Alternative Medicine Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","article-title":"Thyroid and Its Ripple Effect: Impact on Cardiac Structure, Function, and Outcomes","volume":"16","author":"Olanrewaju O. 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