{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T05:14:58Z","timestamp":1792818898743,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777161600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U22A20303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U22A20303"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82571705"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82571705"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Recent research on the gut\u2013brain axis (GBA) indicates that the gut microbiome can significantly influence brain structural and functional connectivity. However, the specific causal relationships between the gut microbiome and brain imaging\u2010derived phenotypes (IDPs) of functional\/structural connectivity, as well as how the gut microbiota influences mood and cognition, remain unclear. This study utilizes data from large\u2010scale genome\u2010wide association studies (GWAS) and employs a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to evaluate the causal effects between the gut microbiome and brain connectivity. We obtained data on 196 gut microbiome taxa from the MiBioGen consortium and acquired IDPs for seven resting\u2010state networks (RSNs) from the UK Biobank (UKB). Subsequently, we conducted bidirectional MR analyses to explore their causal relationships. In the forward MR analysis,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Ruminococcus torques<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Eubacterium fissicatena<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Coprobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    exerted positive effects on the default mode network (DMN), whereas\n                    <jats:italic>Terrisporobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    influenced the structural connectivity of the dorsal attention network (DAN). Conversely, Gammaproteobacteria inhibited the functional connectivity of the ventral attention network (VAN). Additionally, reverse MR analysis revealed that increased functional connectivity of the DAN was positively associated with the abundance of\n                    <jats:italic>Alloprevotella<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The enhanced functional connectivity of the VAN negatively impacted\n                    <jats:italic>Alloprevotella<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Catenibacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and Methanobacteria. Furthermore, the structural connectivity of the frontoparietal network (FPN) and somatomotor network (SMN) significantly reduced the abundance of Bacilli and\n                    <jats:italic>Intestinibacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    , respectively. This study utilized a bidirectional MR approach to establish causal evidence for the relationship between the gut microbiome and brain network connectivity, and support the bidirectional regulatory pattern of the GBA. These findings provide new insights into the potential roles of gut microbiota in emotional regulation, cognitive function, and neurodevelopment, and offer a theoretical basis for microbiome\u2010based intervention strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T05:25:54Z","timestamp":1777267554000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Gut\u2013Brain Connection: Deciphering Causal Pathways Between Gut Microbiota and Neuroimaging Profiles Through Mendelian Randomization"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yule","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha 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