{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T21:21:09Z","timestamp":1787606469871,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFD1600402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD1600402"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Aging is characterized by the gradual deterioration of physiological functions. This research aimed to explore the protective effects of unsaponifiable matter (USM), a natural component found in walnut oil, against D\u2010galactose (D\u2010gal)\u2010induced liver injury in aging mice. Male C57BL\/6 mice received subcutaneous D\u2010gal injections alongside oral USM (400\u2009mg\/kg) administration for 8\u2009weeks. Systemic evaluations were subsequently conducted using biochemical assays, hepatic transcriptomics, and 16S rRNA sequencing. The results demonstrated that USM administration alleviated hepatic tissue damage, enhanced antioxidant activity, reduced pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines, and improved serum lipid profiles. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that USM upregulated hepatic energy and lipid metabolism pathways while suppressing inflammatory cascades. Furthermore, USM restored intestinal barrier integrity by upregulating tight junction proteins and rebalanced the gut microbiota, enriching beneficial taxa (e.g.,\n                    <jats:italic>Akkermansia<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) while reducing the relative abundance of\n                    <jats:italic>Firmicutes<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Proteobacteria<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In conclusion, this study elucidates that USM mitigates aging\u2010associated liver injury by modulating microbial homeostasis and ameliorating intestinal barrier function via the gut\u2010liver axis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T10:26:39Z","timestamp":1780655199000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hepatoprotective Potential of Walnut Oil Unsaponifiable Matter on Aging\u2010Induced Liver Injury via Gut Microbiota\u2013Liver Axis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Junjun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food and Health Beijing Technology and Business University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food and 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