{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T21:21:14Z","timestamp":1787606474990,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015335","name":"Modern Agricultural Technology Industry System of Shandong province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SDAIT\u201026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SDAIT\u201026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015335","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of liver\u2010related mortality and morbidity globally, with its prevalence steadily rising. DHA\u2010rich fish oil has demonstrated potential in managing NAFLD. However, little is known about the effect of pure DHA extracted from microalgae oil. This study explored the influence DHA\u2010rich microalgae oil might have on genes and metabolites associated with lipid and glucose metabolism in NAFLD mice, offering promising insights into a novel, cost\u2010effective treatment for NAFLD. In this study, C57BL\/6J mice (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200915) were used. NAFLD mice model was established by feeding mice HFD. Microalgae oil (10\u2009\u03bcL\/g body weight) was administered daily by oral gavage to HFD\u2010induced NAFLD mice (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20095), while control mice and untreated HFD mice (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20095 per group) received an equivalent volume of saline. Body weight was monitored regularly, and blood samples were collected to measure serum glucose and lipid levels. Tissue samples were analyzed using H&amp;E staining and Oil Red O staining to assess histological changes. Differentially expressed genes and metabolites were identified through enrichment analyses. Microalgae oil supplementation showed a potential effect in reducing hepatic fat accumulation in NAFLD mice. The increase in liver weight induced by HFD was partially reduced by 7% in microalgae oil\u2013treated mice. Moreover, microalgae oil partially restored 10% of the HFD\u2010induced loss in muscle mass and decreased white adipose tissue depots by an average of 39.3%. Treatment significantly lowered serum total cholesterol (from 4.39 to 3.57\u2009mmol\/L) and LDL\u2010c (from 0.98 to 0.63\u2009mmol\/L), while ameliorating hepatic enlargement and the elevation of liver enzymes (AST, ALT). RNA sequencing revealed that 79.8% of HFD\u2010upregulated genes were potentially downregulated by microalgae oil, particularly those related to glucose and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, microalgae oil treatment was associated with a downregulation of the PPAR and PI3K\u2010Akt signaling pathways, which were found to be enriched in the HFD\u2010fed group. Upregulation of\n                    <jats:italic>Irs1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and suppression of\n                    <jats:italic>Saa2<\/jats:italic>\n                    might suggest enhanced glucose uptake and reduced inflammation. Metabolomic analyses, including MSEA and OPLS\u2010DA, suggested that microalgae oil intervention may modulate the abundance of various carbohydrates and fatty acids. Collectively, these findings indicate that DHA\u2010enriched microalgae oil might aid in alleviating HFD\u2010induced metabolic and inflammatory disturbances in NAFLD. In conclusion, DHA\u2010enriched microalgae oil might exert a positive regulatory effect on genes and metabolites governing lipid and glucose metabolism. The findings from this study may provide a foundation for the development of a beneficial and cost\u2010effective microalgae oil as a potential therapeutic strategy. However, although the HFD\u2010induced NAFLD model recapitulates several features of human disease, it does not fully capture the complexity and heterogeneity of NAFLD in humans. The dosing regimen, involving a single dose administered via oral gavage, may not directly translate to typical human intake patterns, where intake occurs through diet and may influence absorption and metabolic responses. While beneficial effects were observed, the underlying molecular mechanisms require further investigation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71882","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T05:13:18Z","timestamp":1781500398000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microalgae Oil Attenuates Liver Fat Deposition in\n                    <scp>NAFLD<\/scp>\n                    via Modulation of Anti\u2010Lipogenic Genes and Insulin Signaling Pathways in\n                    <scp>HFD<\/scp>\n                    Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6681-3268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Athba","family":"AlQahtani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Shandong University Affiliated Shandong Provincial Hospital  Jinan Shandong China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose &amp; Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education Shandong Provincial Hospital, Science and Technology Innovation Centre, School of Laboratory Animal &amp; Shandong Laboratory Animal Centre, Shandong First Medical University &amp; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9082-9348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Shandong University Affiliated Shandong Provincial Hospital  Jinan Shandong China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose &amp; Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education Shandong Provincial Hospital, Science and Technology Innovation Centre, School of Laboratory Animal &amp; Shandong Laboratory Animal Centre, Shandong First Medical University &amp; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University  Hohhot China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gaoyou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital  Gaoyou China"},{"name":"Institute of Genome Engineered Animal Models for Human Diseases, National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research Dalian Medical University  Dalian Liaoning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyuan","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose &amp; Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education Shandong Provincial Hospital, Science and Technology Innovation Centre, School of Laboratory Animal &amp; Shandong Laboratory Animal Centre, Shandong First Medical University &amp; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose &amp; Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education Shandong Provincial Hospital, Science and Technology Innovation Centre, School of Laboratory Animal &amp; Shandong Laboratory Animal Centre, Shandong First Medical University &amp; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"},{"name":"Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Jinan China"},{"name":"Plant Health Research Institute  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Shandong University Affiliated Shandong Provincial Hospital  Jinan Shandong China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose &amp; Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education Shandong Provincial Hospital, Science and Technology Innovation Centre, School of Laboratory Animal &amp; Shandong Laboratory Animal Centre, Shandong First Medical University &amp; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology PKUCare CNOOC Hospital  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinhui","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2694-1971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingjie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose &amp; Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education Shandong Provincial Hospital, Science and Technology Innovation Centre, School of Laboratory Animal &amp; 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