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In this pilot study, we explored whether a\n                    <jats:italic>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei<\/jats:italic>\n                    PC\u201001 (PC\u201001) fermented milk beverage alleviates FD symptoms. Fifty\u2010five patients with FD were randomized into an experimental group (EP,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200937) receiving the PC\u201001 fermented milk beverage (5.0\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009CFU\/mL, 200\u2009mL\/day) or a control group (CP,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200918) receiving the active comparator, an acidified milk beverage (non\u2010fermented, without PC\u201001) (200\u2009mL\/day). The interventions lasted 28\u2009days, with symptom scores on the 7\u2010point Global Overall Symptom Scale (GOSS) and Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), and fecal samples were collected at baseline (day 0), 14, and 28. Consumption of the PC\u201001 fermented milk beverage in this pilot study was associated with improvements in FD symptoms, and a higher effective response rate was observed in the EP group than in the CP group (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.04). Metagenomic analysis revealed that, compared with the CP group, the EP group exhibited significant enrichment of potentially beneficial bacteria (e.g.,\n                    <jats:italic>Blautia<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and a reduction in potentially pathogenic bacteria (e.g.,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Clostridium paraputrificum<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ), accompanied by significant downregulation of the fatty acid \u03b2\u2010oxidation I (FAO\u2010PWY) pathway. We acknowledge that the limitation of this pilot study is that the acidified milk beverage used as the control might also exert certain effects on gastrointestinal symptoms and gut microbiota, which could not be fully avoided due to the lack of a fully inert placebo. Collectively, the findings of this preliminary study indicate that the PC\u201001 fermented milk beverage may alleviate FD\u2010related symptoms and modulate the gut microbiome and metabolic pathways, highlighting its potential in ameliorating FD\u2010associated symptoms. Further large\u2010sample, multi\u2010center, and long\u2010term clinical studies are warranted to verify these preliminary results and establish the long\u2010term efficacy and safety of FD management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T17:23:40Z","timestamp":1782926620000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intervention With\n                    <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei<\/i>\n                    <scp>PC<\/scp>\n                    \u201001 Fermented Milk Beverage Ameliorates Functional Dyspepsia and Modulates Gut Microbiome: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5132-4029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Inner Mongolia Agricultural University  Hohhot China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education Inner Mongolia Agricultural University  Hohhot China"},{"name":"Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University  Hohhot China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erna","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mengniu Hi\u2010Tech Dairy Product Beijing co., Ltd.  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Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuwen","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Inner Mongolia Agricultural University  Hohhot China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education Inner Mongolia Agricultural University  Hohhot China"},{"name":"Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University  Hohhot China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuejiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mengniu Hi\u2010Tech Dairy Product Beijing co., Ltd.  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