{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:03:06Z","timestamp":1790172186598,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Extracts of silver fir (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Abies alba<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) branches are rich in polyphenolic compounds and are increasingly used as dietary supplements. Despite their growing consumption, systematic human data on their safety remain limited. This study evaluated the effects of a standardized silver fir branch extract on biochemical markers of liver and kidney function in healthy adults. An open\u2010label, single\u2010arm human study was conducted in 15 healthy volunteers (eight men and seven women; mean age 48\u2009years). Following a two\u2010week comparison period, participants consumed 900\u2009mg\/day of a standardized silver fir branch extract for 14\u2009days. Serum markers of liver function (AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, and total bilirubin) and kidney function (urea, creatinine, and uric acid) were measured at baseline, after the comparison period, and after supplementation. The study was retrospectively registered at\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    . All participants completed the study without reported adverse events. Mean values of all measured liver and kidney markers remained within established reference ranges throughout the study. No statistically significant changes were observed following supplementation, and minor fluctuations were consistent with normal physiological variability. Short\u2010term consumption of a standardized silver fir branch extract at a daily dose of 900\u2009mg did not adversely affect biochemical markers of liver or kidney function in healthy adults. These findings provide human evidence supporting the short\u2010term safety of this polyphenol\u2010rich dietary supplement.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Trail Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    : NCT07189143\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T13:06:19Z","timestamp":1784034379000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of Liver and Kidney Safety of Silver Fir (\n                    <i>Abies alba<\/i>\n                    ) Branch Extract: An Open\u2010Label Human Study of a Dietary Supplement"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5978-1655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katja","family":"Schoss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samo","family":"Kreft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","unstructured":"Abies Labs d.o.o.2026.\u201cBelinal Product Information.\u201dhttps:\/\/mojbelinal.si\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110714"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003\u20104819\u2010144\u20101\u2010200601030\u201000020"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2021.110383"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1691\/ph.2016.6658"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","unstructured":"Directive\u20102002\/46\/EC\u2014EN\u2010EUR\u2010Lex.2025.https:\/\/eur\u2010lex.europa.eu\/eli\/dir\/2002\/46\/oj\/eng."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2015.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/fnr.v60.29623"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","unstructured":"European Commission.2015.\u201cRegulation\u20132015\/2283\u2013EN\u2013EUR\u2013Lex.\u201dhttps:\/\/eur\u2010lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg\/2015\/2283\/oj\/eng."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/livers2030011"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2016.517"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739\u2010012\u20100777\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11130\u2010018\u20100698\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","unstructured":"Medicines Agency European.2016.\u201cPublic Statement on Contamination of Herbal Medicinal Products\/Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products 1 With Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids Transitional Recommendations for Risk Management and Quality Control.\u201dwww.ema.europa.eu\/contact."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100034\u20101375958"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/oxim.2.5.9498"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408444.2023.2282415"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","unstructured":"Schoenfeld D.2020.\u201cConsiderations for a for a Parallel Trial Where the Outcome Is a Measurement.\u201dhttp:\/\/hedwig.mgh.harvard.edu\/sample_size\/quan_measur\/para_quant.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2025.2608481"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2012.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204\u2010015\u20101471\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9050477"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02773813.2017.1340958"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2020.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cofs.2016.02.002"}],"container-title":["Food Science &amp; 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