{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T21:19:56Z","timestamp":1787606396279,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82373552"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82373552"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013104","name":"Shanghai Health and Medical Development Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with central obesity, which further elevates cardiovascular disease risk. This randomized, open\u2010label, parallel\u2010controlled trial aimed to compare the effects of a low glycemic load (LGL) diet and a conventional energy\u2010restricted diet on central obesity and lipid\u2010related metabolic abnormalities in newly diagnosed T2DM patients following short\u2010term intensive insulin therapy (SIIT). All participants received a 2\u2010week course of SIIT before being randomly allocated to either the control group receiving a conventional energy\u2010restricted diet (25\u201330\u2009kcal\/kg\/day, with 45%\u201355% of energy from carbohydrates, 15%\u201320% from protein, and 25%\u201335% from fat) or an energy\u2010matched LGL group with a target glycemic load of 56\u201368\/1000\u2009kcal. The 1\u2010year dietary intervention was implemented with quarterly outcome assessments, and repeated\u2010measures data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations via R 4.3.2. Between 2019 and 2023, a total of 366 patients were screened, and finally 89 eligible participants were enrolled, including 45 cases in the control group and 44 in the LGL group. During follow\u2010up, significant intergroup differences were observed in dietary composition (GL\/1000\u2009kcal and macronutrient distribution) and changes in HbA1c. Energy intake, physical activity level (MET\u2010h\/week), body mass index, waist circumference, weight\u2010corrected waist circumference, visceral adiposity index, and atherosclerosis index were all markedly reduced from baseline in both groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>time<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), while no significant between\u2010group differences were detected for these indicators (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>group<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). In conclusion, the LGL diet and conventional energy\u2010restricted diet exert comparable effects in improving central obesity and metabolic profiles among newly diagnosed T2DM patients after SIIT.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                    ChiCTR1900020559\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T04:54:34Z","timestamp":1781067274000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Effect of Low Glycemic Load Diet on Central Obesity and Lipid Related Metabolic Abnormalities in\n                    <scp>T2DM<\/scp>\n                    Patients Is Comparable to That of Energy\u2010Restricted Diet: A Randomized, Open, Parallel Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4721-1246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiuhong","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaogang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chulin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diaozhu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoting","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2218-8644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4647-3079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingtong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-023-01495-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","article-title":"Efficacy of Low\u2010Carbohydrate Diets Versus Low\u2010Fat Diets in Glycemic Control Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review","volume":"17","author":"Anyang Kaakyire D.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14204391"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","article-title":"Low Glycaemic Index or Low Glycaemic Load Diets for People With Overweight or Obesity","volume":"6","author":"Chekima K.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1512493"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"Chinese Diabetes Prevention and Treatment Guidelines (2024 Edition)","volume":"17","author":"Diabetes Society of the Chinese Medical Association","year":"2025","journal-title":"CJD"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02511-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13706"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-024-01532-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42000-024-00566-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-023-07620-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-024-01543-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2025.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.14271"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children10091481"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/osp4.663"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","first-page":"916","article-title":"Effects of Very Low\u2010Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet on Lipid Metabolism in Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"39","author":"Li M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrici\u00f3n Hospitalaria"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","article-title":"Independent and Joint Associations of BMI and Waist Circumference With the Onset of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Adults: Prospective Data Linkage Study","volume":"9","author":"Li S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health and Surveillance"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19576-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15153483"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2024.47.7.37452"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17091530"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15245060"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-022-01670-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2024.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2023.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2023.110561"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2022.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmad047"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-69486-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1516086"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-024-00731-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1345411"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1573399819666221124104401"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2024.102941"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0309150"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1460230"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/57799"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_1","volume-title":"Chinese Food Composition Table Standard Edition","author":"Yang Y.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-023-01372-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2024.122932"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15929"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nhs.13083"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-023-01876-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3602"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-67430-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1545968"}],"container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.71995","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/fsn3.71995","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.71995","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T20:32:51Z","timestamp":1787603571000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/fsn3.71995"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/fsn3.71995"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/fsn3.71995","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-7177","2048-7177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-7177","type":"print"},{"value":"2048-7177","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71995"}}