{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T06:02:51Z","timestamp":1790402571428,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Following the recent proposal of cardiovascular\u2010kidney\u2010metabolic (CKM) syndrome by the American Heart Association (AHA), it remains uncertain whether plant\u2010based diets, inflammatory diets, or micronutrient intake are associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality in patients with CKM syndrome stages 0\u20133. The cohort study data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005\u20132018 and the UK Biobank (UKB). We calculated scores of plant\u2010based diets, inflammatory diet in NHANES (dietary inflammatory index (DII) and alternative Mediterranean diet (AMED)), and UKB (AMED and Healthful Plant\u2010Based Diet Index (HPDI)), respectively. Multivariate Cox Regression models and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to assess the associations of plant\u2010based diets, inflammatory diets, and micronutrients with MACE and mortality among populations with CKM stages 0\u20133. Mediation analyses assessed the mediating effects of oxidative stress, phenotypic aging, and inflammatory markers. 82,222 and 16,842 participants were included in the analyses in UKB and NHANES, respectively. AMED and HPDI were significantly negatively associated with MACE and all\u2010cause mortality at higher tertiles, while DII was significantly positively associated. For each standard deviation increase in the scores of AMED and HPDI, the incidence of MACE decreased by 5%\u20137%. Higher intake of vitamins (Alpha\/Beta\u2010carotene and vitamin C) and minerals (copper, iron, and magnesium) may reduce the incidence of MACE and mortality. Oxidative stress, phenotypic aging, and inflammatory markers partially mediated the associations (mediation ratio: 1.3%\u201329.5%). Adhering to plant\u2010based dietary patterns such as HPDI and AMED, reducing the intake of pro\u2010inflammatory red meat\u2010based diets, and ensuring adequate dietary intake of carotene and minerals may confer benefits for both metabolic and cardiovascular health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.72082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T16:04:48Z","timestamp":1783008288000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Associations of Dietary Patterns and Micronutrients With Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Mortality Among Populations With Cardiovascular\u2010Kidney\u2010Metabolic Syndrome Stages 0\u20133: Results From Two Prospective Cohorts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yingqi","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Zhongshan Second People's Hospital  Zhongshan China"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine  Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaixin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yadan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tangyi","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangchen","family":"Lhamu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9317-2283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanqiu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6697-6187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuli","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Zhongshan Second People's Hospital  Zhongshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinjin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jing'an District Zhabei Center Hospital  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honglin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Zhongshan Second People's Hospital  Zhongshan China"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory The Third People's Hospital of Liupanshui  Liupanshui Guizhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8017-4657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wentao","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.6892"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.06.1190"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2021.101869"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.09.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.00530119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889\u2010024\u201021131\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19123988"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933\u2010025\u201002692\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010024\u201069819\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13349"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2020.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889\u2010025\u201022481\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16142248"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16213576"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933\u2010025\u201002698\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.2.530"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10113164"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.118.313348"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.116.013326"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14082833"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/cir.0000000000001184"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009825.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnha.2024.100463"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11092090"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.2176"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201042523\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2010.29673"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12123610"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw125"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl\u20102023\u2010322412"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.03.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.30690"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966\u2010021\u201001227\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2018.1495614"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.45309"}],"container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.72082","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/fsn3.72082","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.72082","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T13:15:15Z","timestamp":1790169315000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/fsn3.72082"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/fsn3.72082"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/fsn3.72082","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-7177","2048-7177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-7177","type":"print"},{"value":"2048-7177","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-02","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e72082"}}