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BAs levels and active ingredients of the extracts (carvacrol, cumin\u2010aldehyde, piperin, and capsaicin) were determined by a validated HPLC method. According to the results, oregano and cumin SCF\u2010CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    extracts at 0.50% completely inhibited the growth of all microorganisms tested in TDB.\n                    <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    caused the highest total BA production (1153.88\u2009mg\/L) in TDB, followed by\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    (677.78\u2009mg\/L) and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    (662.66\u2009mg\/L). Oregano extract (0.50%) reduced total biogenic amines produced by\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    from 1153.88 to 124.14\u2009mg\/L, while cumin extract (0.50%) reduced total biogenic amines produced by\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    from 662.66 to 267.14\u2009mg\/L. The extracts with the strongest effect on total BAs produced by\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    in TDB were determined to have the following concentrations: oregano (0.50%), cumin (0.50%), cumin (0.50%), black pepper (0.10%), and cumin (0.50%), respectively.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.72085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T04:20:41Z","timestamp":1783311641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inhibition of Biogenic Amine Production in Tyrosine Decarboxylase Broth Using Supercritical\n                    <scp>CO<\/scp>\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Extracts of Oregano, Cumin, Black Pepper, and Red Pepper"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mustafa Hamza Mawlood","family":"Al Bayati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Akdeniz University  Antalya Turkiye"},{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences University of Sulaimani  Sulaimani Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6836-2708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Fatih","family":"Cengiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Akdeniz University  Antalya Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariem","family":"Bouali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Akdeniz University  Antalya Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4001-5245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pinar","family":"Yerlikaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries Akdeniz University  Antalya Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10412905.2024.2332940"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29136\/mediterranean.1380634"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods8010017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2023.137576"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2018.05.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0956-7135(01)00081-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11947-024-03475-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"930","article-title":"Seasonal and Circadian Study of a Thymol\/\u03b3\u2010Terpinene\/p\u2010Cymene Type Oil of \n                     Ocimum gratissimum\n                   L. and Its Antioxidant and Antifungal Effects","volume":"30","author":"Castro J. 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