{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T04:53:03Z","timestamp":1791003183933,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":244,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent autoimmune disease shaped by genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers, particularly the microbiota. Numerous studies have documented substantial structural differences in the oral\u2010gut microbiota between patients with RA and healthy individuals. Emerging evidence suggests that upregulation of specific pathobionts\u2014including\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Prevotella copri<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2014coupled with autoantigen mimicry and inflammatory cascades, may contribute to RA initiation at extra\u2010articular sites. Conversely, several immunoregulatory bacterial species, such as\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Bacteroides fragilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Prevotella histicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Clostridium<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp., are depleted in patients with RA. Importantly, nutritional factors (including, minerals, vitamins, fiber, flavonoids and polyphenols) and dietary patterns (e.g., Western diet, high\u2010fat diet, Mediterranean diet, fasting, protein\u2010 or carbohydrate\u2010rich diets) profoundly shape oral\u2010gut microbial composition, and dietary interventions can either potentiate or suppress these microbial populations. Accordingly, recent management strategies have focused on manipulating dysbiosis through probiotic supplementation (e.g., immunomodulatory\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains), fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), antibiotic administration, and targeted nutritional interventions that support probiotic efficacy and restore eubiosis. This review discusses the characteristic microbiota structure in patients with RA and evaluates emerging therapeutic strategies\u2014FMT, antibiotics, probiotics, and nutrition\u2014as integrated approaches for RA management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.72090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T07:05:59Z","timestamp":1785481559000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Impact of Oral\u2010Gut Microbiota Structure and Its Manipulation on\n                    <scp>RA<\/scp>\n                    Development and Management"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5124-0598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parisa","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"},{"name":"Immunology 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