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In the present work, we profiled the phytochemical content and antioxidant capacities of \u201cMubong\u201d flesh and peel, then evaluated the anti\u2010inflammatory effects of the \u201cMubong\u201d Peel Extract (MPE) using in\u00a0vitro (LPS\u2010stimulated RAW 264.7 cells) and in\u00a0vivo (DSS\u2010induced colitis) models, coupled with microbiota analysis. In\u00a0vitro anti\u2010inflammatory activity was studied by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production and NF\u2010\u03baB signaling in RAW\u2010Blue cells. In\u00a0vivo, ICR mice were administered MPE (400\u2009mg\/kg) orally during DSS\u2010induced colitis. Disease severity was evaluated through the Disease Activity Index (DAI), colon length, and histological analysis. To characterize microbial and metabolic shifts, we integrated 16S rRNA hypervariable region sequencing with targeted quantification of short\u2010chain fatty acids (SCFAs). MPE was found to be rich in naringin (2730.66\u2009\u00b1\u200993.90\u2009mg\/100\u2009g), neohesperidin (1493.85\u2009\u00b1\u200982.67\u2009mg\/100\u2009g), and d\u2010limonene (69.06%). In\u00a0vitro, MPE (200\u2013400\u2009\u03bcg\/mL) significantly inhibited NO production and suppressed NF\u2010\u03baB\u2010dependent transcriptional activity. In mice, MPE treatment was associated with the attenuation of weight loss, reduction of DAI scores, and the mitigation of colon shortening. These clinical improvements were also coincided with a reduction in pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines, specifically TNF\u2010\u03b1 (~80 to ~52\u2009pg\/mL) and IL\u20106 (~30 to ~3\u2009pg\/mL), and restoration of the SCFAs, propionic acid (~35% to ~80%) and butyric acid (~30% to ~50%). Microbiota analysis revealed that MPE treatment correlated with alterations in the gut landscape, specifically the enrichment of obligate anaerobes such as\n                    <jats:italic>Lachnoclostridium<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Acetatifactor<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Furthermore, these microbial changes paralleled a recovery trend in short\u2010chain fatty acids (butyrate and propionate) otherwise depleted by DSS. Our findings suggest that MPE exerts anti\u2010inflammatory activity, likely through the modulation of NF\u2010\u03baB\/AP\u20101\u2010dependent transcriptional activity and preservation of gut microbial homeostasis. These preclinical findings suggest that \u201cMubong\u201d warrants further investigation as a potential functional food candidate for the management of ulcerative colitis and related inflammatory disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.72098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T15:42:10Z","timestamp":1783611730000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ameliorative Effects of Newly Developed Citrus Hybrid \u201cMubong\u201d Peel Extract on Experimental Colitis and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2289-1436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Awraris Derbie","family":"Assefa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Citrus Research Center National Institute of Horticultural &amp; Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration  Seogwipo Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1934-671X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang Suk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Herbal Crop Research National Institute of Horticultural &amp; Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration  Eumseong Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7839-5618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung\u2010Gab","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Citrus Research Center National Institute of Horticultural &amp; Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration  Seogwipo Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5762-1033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"YoSup","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticultural Science, School of Horticulture and Forest Mokpo National University  Muan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0587-5926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jee\u2010Soo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Citrus Research Center National Institute of Horticultural &amp; 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