{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:01:17Z","timestamp":1790172077589,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004156","name":"Mahidol University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Regulating lipid metabolism is the main mechanism of exercise to control blood lipids, body weight, and prevent metabolic diseases. However, the effects of complex mixtures of phytochemicals, particularly from plant\u2010derived extracts, on lipid metabolism remain poorly understood. Recently, we developed a green extraction method for lime (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Citrus aurantifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) peel, yielding an extract rich in three major compounds (hesperidin, limonin, and bergaptol). In this study, the effect of the extract on lipid metabolism was investigated in normal human hepatocytes (THLE\u20102) using a targeted lipidomics approach under nontoxic conditions. The results showed significant increases in 75 lipid metabolites and decreases in four metabolites (propenoylcarnitine [C3:1], octadecadienylcarnitine [C18:2], PC 42:1, and dodecenoylcarnitine). Interestingly, metabolites showing \u2265\u20092\u2010fold changes were exclusively acylcarnitines, with increases in medium\u2010chain acylcarnitines (C12 and C6:1) and a decrease in long\u2010chain acylcarnitine (C18:2), consistent with altered fatty acid metabolism. A significant fourfold decrease in C3:1 indicates reduced conversion of branch\u2010chain amino acids (isoleucine) to fatty acid intermediates. PCA, PLS\u2010DA, and OPLS\u2010DA analyses consistently identified phosphatidylcholine 34:1 (PC34:1) as the key metabolite distinguishing the treated and control groups, based on VIP score. Taken together, the findings suggest that lime peel extract may reduce lipid synthesis from amino acids and may promote lipid catabolism in hepatocyte cell models with a dominant medium\u2010chain acylcarnitine pattern, and PC34:1 as the discriminative metabolite associated with treatment response. This novel functional ingredient may have potential implications in preventing dyslipidemia and metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), warranting further in\u00a0vivo and clinical studies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.72108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T08:07:04Z","timestamp":1784534824000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Targeted Lipidomics Reveals\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Citrus aurantifolia<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Peel Extract's Potential to Increase Lipid Catabolism With\n                    <scp>PC<\/scp>\n                    34:1 as a Discriminative Metabolite"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8104-722X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pakkapong","family":"Phucharoenrak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nutrition Mahidol University  Nakhon Pathom Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6759-1878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kemika","family":"Praengam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nutrition Mahidol University  Nakhon Pathom Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6739-6295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dunyaporn","family":"Trachootham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nutrition Mahidol University  Nakhon Pathom Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591\u2010019\u20100565\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.935261"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep28398"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14744\/semb.2018.83604"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Lipids and Their Roles in Physiological Processes","volume":"13","author":"Eliza K.","year":"2023","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-4-431-55790-6_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197\u2010021\u201005193\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.13259"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","first-page":"87","article-title":"Limonin Content of Commercial Florida Processed Orange Juices and Its Effect of Flavor","volume":"99","author":"Fellers P. 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