{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:49:18Z","timestamp":1792511358220,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science & Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Urinary tract infections represent a significant public health issue exacerbated by bacterial antibiotic resistance. Honey, due to its phenolic compounds, offers a promising natural alternative. This study explores the phenolic profile of monofloral honeys from the Beni Mellal\u2010Khenifra region and their antibacterial activity against multidrug\u2010resistant strains. Four monofloral honeys from Beni Mellal\u2010Khenifra were analyzed for their phenolic composition and evaluated for antibacterial activity against multidrug\u2010resistant uropathogenic bacteria. Computational studies were also performed to explore the potential mechanisms of action of the identified compounds. HPLC\u2010UV detection identified distinct phenolic profiles in four monofloral honeys. Carob honey showed the highest diversity, with eight compounds identified, notably myricetin (63.99\u2009\u03bcg\/mg), trans\u2010ferulic acid (33.99\u2009\u03bcg\/mg), gallic acid (21.02\u2009\u03bcg\/mg), naringin (17.95\u2009\u03bcg\/mg), catechin (3.66\u2009\u03bcg\/mg), and trans\u2010cinnamic acid (2.75\u2009\u03bcg\/mg). Euphorbia honey was rich in hydroxycinnamic acids, especially caffeic acid (285.35\u2009\u03bcg\/mg), p\u2010coumaric acid (190.93\u2009\u03bcg\/mg), and trans\u2010ferulic acid (125.37\u2009\u03bcg\/mg). Anise honey contained high levels of naringin (669.84\u2009\u03bcg\/mg), along with myricetin (90.08\u2009\u03bcg\/mg) and 3\u2010hydroxybenzoic acid (76.59\u2009\u03bcg\/mg). In contrast, citrus honey exhibited the lowest polyphenolic content, with only gallic acid (0.21\u2009\u03bcg\/mg) and catechin (2.69\u2009\u03bcg\/mg) detected. The honey samples exhibited notable antibacterial activity against multidrug\u2010resistant uropathogenic bacteria, including\n \n E. coli<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n K. pneumoniae<\/jats:styled-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n , and\n \n S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n . Among them, euphorbia and carob honeys demonstrated the highest antibacterial efficacy, with MBC values of 25% (v\/v) against\n \n S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n and 50% against\n \n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n \n K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n . In contrast, citrus and anise honeys showed lower bactericidal activity, with MBC values reaching 75% (v\/v) for\n \n E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n \n K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n , and 50% for\n \n S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n In silico,<\/jats:italic>\n analyses showed that kaempferol, quercetin, catechin, and myricetin exhibit high binding affinities (up to \u22128.3\u2009kcal\/mol) against major bacterial targets. Molecular dynamics confirmed the stability of the quercetin\u2010GyrB complex (RMSD ~0.35\u2009nm). ADMET and toxicity profiles identified catechin and 3\u2010hydroxybenzoic acid as the most promising candidates, combining good intestinal absorption, low predicted toxicity (LD50\u224810,000\u2009mg\/kg), and favorable pharmacokinetics. These findings confirm the important role of honey's phenolic compounds in inhibiting multidrug\u2010resistant bacteria. Future research should focus on in\u00a0vivo validation and the formulation of effective therapeutic products based on these honeys.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.72165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T06:30:51Z","timestamp":1787898651000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Phytochemical Profiling and Antibacterial Activity of Moroccan Monofloral Honeys Against Multidrug\u2010Resistant Uropathogens: In\u00a0Vitro,\n ADMET<\/scp>\n , Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Approaches"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1782-8205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mourad","family":"Chikhaoui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecology and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sik Hassan II University Casablanca Morocco"},{"name":"Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques Beni\u2010Mellal Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1580-7488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aziz","family":"Galman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques Beni\u2010Mellal Morocco"},{"name":"Applied Engineering and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, and Techniques Sultan Moulay Slimane University Beni\u2010Mellal Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7876-8285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Chetoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, and Techniques Sultan Moulay Slimane University Beni\u2010Mellal Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9407-7576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oussama","family":"Khibech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed I University Oujda Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8191-1129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Reda","family":"Kachmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques Beni\u2010Mellal Morocco"},{"name":"Valorization of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Environment Team, Faculty of Sciences Moulay Ismail University Meknes Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0915-1257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toufik","family":"Bouddine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioactive and Environmental Health Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Moulay Ismail University Meknes Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9944-811X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Bouhrim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoires TBC, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences Lille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6496-7822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fahd A.","family":"Nasr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, College of Science Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0810-4803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Al\u2010Zharani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, College of Science Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashraf Ahmed","family":"Qurtam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, College of Science Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1770-2698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachid","family":"Lotfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques Beni\u2010Mellal Morocco"},{"name":"Applied Engineering and Technology Laboratory, Faculty 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