{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T04:52:58Z","timestamp":1791003178120,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":144,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Euphorbia members (Euphorbiaceae) are valuable sources of lead compounds for potential drug discovery. This study was conducted to evaluate, for the first time, the phytoconstituents, antioxidant capacity, enzyme inhibitory, and cytotoxic properties of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>E. peplis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . Extracts were prepared from the aerial parts using ethyl acetate (EtOAc), ethanol (EtOH), 70% EtOH, and water. Results showed that the 70% EtOH and EtOH extracts contained the highest levels of total phenolics (68.12\u2009mg GAE\/g) and flavonoids (45.49\u2009mg RE\/g). UPLC\u2010ESI\u2010MSn analysis revealed a variety of phytochemicals, including flavonoids, cinnamic acid derivatives, tannins, triterpenoids, and saponins, with 24 metabolites tentatively identified. PCA grouped these metabolites into three clusters, and their distribution was visualized with a heatmap. Polar extracts demonstrated strong antioxidant activity, with the 70% EtOH extract showing the highest values in most assays (DPPH\u2009=\u2009385.50\u2009mg TE\/g; ABTS\u2009=\u2009466.31\u2009mg TE\/g; CUPRAC\u2009=\u2009439.95\u2009mg TE\/g; FRAP\u2009=\u2009305.07\u2009mg TE\/g; PBD\u2009=\u20092.45\u2009mmol TE\/g). The EtOH and EtOAc extracts exhibited the strongest anti\u2010acetylcholinesterase (2.83\u2009mg GALAE\/mg) and anti\u2010butyrylcholinesterase (2.18\u2009mg GALAE\/mg) activities, respectively. Both the 70% EtOH and EtOH extracts showed the best anti\u2010tyrosinase effects (54.40 and 53.39\u2009mg KAE\/g;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009\u2265\u20090.05). The EtOAc extract was more toxic toward SHSY5Y cells, with a viability of 4.31%, compared to 8.18% in normal KEK293 cells. Network pharmacology identified 11 common targets for\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>E. peplis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    metabolites, with AKT1, EGFR, GSK3B, ESR1\/ESR2, and CCND1 serving as key hubs. Pathway enrichment analysis highlighted PI3K\u2010Akt, EGFR, and hormone\u2010related pathways. Docking and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed stable multi\u2010target binding. These findings suggest that\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>E. peplis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    could be a promising source of antioxidants and compounds with potential anticancer and enzyme\u2010inhibitory activities relevant to human diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.72244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T10:50:33Z","timestamp":1787741433000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Phytochemical Characterization of\n                    <i>Euphorbia peplis<\/i>\n                    Extracts and Their Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibitory, and Cytotoxic Activities: An Integrated Experimental and In Silico Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9600-3526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sakina","family":"Yagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Faculty of Science University of Khartoum  Khartoum Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3162-9541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esraa A.","family":"Elhawary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0972-0560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omayma A.","family":"Eldahshna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdel Nasser 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