{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:49:09Z","timestamp":1792511349181,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The consumption of whole wheat has increased due to its nutritional benefits, particularly its richness in phenolic compounds. This study evaluated the influence of the farming systems (organic and conventional) and the diversity of thirteen Tunisian durum wheat varieties (landraces and modern genotypes) on the phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity. UHPLC\u2013MS\n                    <jats:sup>n<\/jats:sup>\n                    analysis allowed the identification of eight phenolic acids, mainly in bound form, while p\u2010coumaric acid was the only compound detected in its free form. The results showed a highly significant effect of both the farming system and the variety on the bound and total fractions of all identified acids, on the total phenolic content and on the total antioxidant capacity, highlighting a combined genetic and environmental influence on their accumulation. On average, antioxidant capacity measured using the FRAP assay reached 2.70\u2009mmol Fe\/100\u2009g under conventional farming and 2.90\u2009mmol Fe\/100\u2009g under organic farming, indicating a slight increase in the organic system. The varieties Jenah Khotifa and Chili exhibited the highest values, reaching 3.65\u2009mmol Fe\/100\u2009g and 3.38\u2009mmol Fe\/100\u2009g, respectively, in the organic system, and 3.04\u2009mmol Fe\/100\u2009g for Chili in the conventional system. Genotype and farming system influence phenolic profile. Organic farming enhanced the accumulation of bioactive compounds and increased antioxidant capacity, particularly in landraces Chili, Biskri, and Jenah Khotifa, compared to modern varieties. These findings highlight the value of traditional genotypes and organic farming in improving the functional quality of Tunisian durum wheat, while preserving local cereal biodiversity and enhancing nutritional quality.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.72356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T09:19:14Z","timestamp":1790155154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of the Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Landraces and Modern Tunisian Durum Wheat Genotypes Under Organic Farming System"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9698-0380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anis","family":"Boukrain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio\u2010Resources (LR23ES08) University of Jendouba  Beja Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6161-9056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chirine","family":"Brinsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio\u2010Resources (LR23ES08) University of Jendouba  Beja Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4028-7910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mondher","family":"Mejri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio\u2010Resources (LR23ES08) University of Jendouba  Beja Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0205099"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.4614"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"443","volume-title":"The World Wheat Book: A History of Wheat Breeding","author":"Ammar K.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/prolas\u20102021\u20100066"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114514001366"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217\u2010018\u20103141\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JPBCS2025.1078"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15071121"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf900159h"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10681\u2010023\u201003188\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40066\u2010023\u201000417\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2013.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2017.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eja.2006.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"445","volume-title":"Les Vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de C\u00e9r\u00e9ales Cultiv\u00e9es en Tunisie","author":"Degha\u00efs M.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.4581"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201700439"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2011.05.065"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Article de Synth\u00e8se Les C\u00e9r\u00e9ales en Tunisie: Plus D'un Si\u00e8cle de Recherche Vari\u00e9tale","volume":"86","author":"Gharbi M.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annales de l'INRATT"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JMPR11.1404"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14132779"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2022.132352"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf100315d"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture15090985"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40659025006065"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-401716-0.00015-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16071047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19053042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules171012341"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","first-page":"247","article-title":"Free Phenol Content and Antioxidant Activity of Winter Wheat in Sustainable Farming Systems","volume":"3","author":"Kos\u00edk T.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30040902"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture12091485"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10092142"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules200915666"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045997"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf801069s"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf060664d"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.844337"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14091048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10010115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture14020328"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11947\u2010012\u20100961\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcs.2017.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2009.06.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23986\/afsci.47985"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods14040633"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204\u2010014\u20101293\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(99)99017-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu2121231"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proche.2009.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcs.2012.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.4288"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/CRC.37.2009.2.5"}],"container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.72356","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/fsn3.72356","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.72356","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:17:33Z","timestamp":1792509453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/fsn3.72356"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/fsn3.72356"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/fsn3.72356","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-7177","2048-7177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-7177","type":"print"},{"value":"2048-7177","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-23","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e72356"}}