{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T10:43:23Z","timestamp":1793357003571,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Argania spinosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    L. is endemic to a small region in southwestern Morocco and has been used for food and medicinal purposes for decades. This study evaluates the hepatoprotective and potential cardioprotective effects of roasted Argan seed oil (HGAT) and non\u2010roasted Argan seed oil (HGANT) in a streptozotocin\u2010induced experimental diabetic model. An experimental approach in diabetic rats treated with HGAT or HGANT was used to assess oxidative stress, liver enzymes, and lipid metabolism. Diabetic rats were administered 2\u2009mL\/kg body weight\/day of HGAT or HGANT. Biochemical analyses measured blood glucose levels, liver enzyme activity (ALT, AST, LDH), oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH, CAT), lipid profiles, and hepatic glycogen content. Histopathological examinations assessed collagen deposition and fibrosis in liver and heart tissues. Both HGAT and HGANT significantly reduce oxidative stress and improve lipid profiles in diabetic rats. Notably, 2\u2009mL\/kg body weight\/day of HGAT treatments decreased blood sugar levels to values comparable to those observed with metformin (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Histopathological analysis revealed that both oils improved hepatic architecture, reduced lipid droplet accumulation, and decreased collagen deposition in the liver. In cardiac tissue, HGAT and HGANT improved myocardial structure and significantly reduced collagen deposition, indicating attenuation of cardiac fibrosis. The roasting process did not affect total cholesterol, triglycerides, hepatic glycogen, or oxidative stress markers. Argan oil demonstrates promising hepatoprotective and lipid\u2010modulating effects in diabetic conditions, with additional cardioprotective potential, supporting its ethnomedicinal use in metabolic disorders. Further studies are warranted to clarify its underlying mechanisms, long\u2010term effects, and potential interactions with standard antidiabetic therapies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.72441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T06:28:47Z","timestamp":1791354527000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Roasting on the Antioxidant and Lipid\u2010Modulating Activities of\n                    <i>Argania spinosa<\/i>\n                    Oil Under Diabetic Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Nour Elhouda","family":"Daoudi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques  Oujda Morocco"},{"name":"Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed First University  Oujda Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed First University  Oujda Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9275-5061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Choukri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Laboratory Central Laboratory Service\u2014Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Mohammed VI  Oujda Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6869-6508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youssouf Ali","family":"Younous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evangelical College  N'Djamena Chad"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Bouallegue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Oral Processing, School of Food Science and Biotechnology Zhejiang Gongshang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3485-076X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gehan M.","family":"Elossaily","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine AlMaarefa University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Research Center, Deanship of Scientific Research and Post\u2010Graduate Studies AlMaarefa University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6218-9572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdel\u2010Rhman Z.","family":"Gaafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3073-5449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Musa A.","family":"Said","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Islamic University of Madinah  Madinah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hina","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9473-1290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Bnouham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of 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