{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T15:30:20Z","timestamp":1766158220534,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]],"date-time":"2018-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cyclic fatty acid monomers (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFAM<\/jats:styled-content>) generated through domestic or industrial heating of vegetable oils may alter liver enzymes and induce hepatomegaly and steatosis, but the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. This study aimed to assess the effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFAM<\/jats:styled-content> on liver and plasma lipids and to determine whether these effects are modulated by dietary lipids. Thirty\u2010six (36) male Wistar rats were fed either of the four isoenergetic diets consisting of canola oil or soybean oil with\/without 500\u00a0mg\/100\u00a0g <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFAM<\/jats:styled-content> of total fat for 28\u00a0days. Rats fed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFAM<\/jats:styled-content> had higher liver total lipids (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.03) and triacylglycerols (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAG<\/jats:styled-content>) (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.02), but less hepatic phosphatidylcholine (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.02) compared to those fed the non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFAM<\/jats:styled-content> diets. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFAM<\/jats:styled-content> did not alter liver phosphatidylethanolamine <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010methyltransferase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEMT<\/jats:styled-content>) activity and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTP<\/jats:styled-content>: phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1) protein levels. Rats fed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFAM<\/jats:styled-content> diets had higher levels of plasma total cholesterol (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TC<\/jats:styled-content>), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VLDL<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0+\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDL<\/jats:styled-content> cholesterol, higher ratio of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TC<\/jats:styled-content> to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDL<\/jats:styled-content> cholesterol, and lower levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDL<\/jats:styled-content> cholesterol compared with rats fed non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFAM<\/jats:styled-content> diets (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05). Plasma alanine transaminase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALT<\/jats:styled-content>) was decreased with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFAM<\/jats:styled-content>, but plasma insulin, glucose, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAG<\/jats:styled-content> did not vary among the four diet groups (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05). Rats fed canola oil and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFAM<\/jats:styled-content> had higher plasma levels of aspartate transaminase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AST<\/jats:styled-content>) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AST<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALT<\/jats:styled-content> ratio compared with the other three diet groups. These results indicate that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFAM<\/jats:styled-content> may provoke an accumulation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAG<\/jats:styled-content> in the liver related to a decrease in phosphatidylcholine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>) levels, but the effect of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFAM<\/jats:styled-content> on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content> concentrations may not occur through impairment of the two main <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content> biosynthesis pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]],"date-time":"2018-10-16T07:19:21Z","timestamp":1539674361000},"page":"2092-2103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Liver and plasma lipid changes induced by cyclic fatty acid monomers from heated vegetable oil in the rat"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0486-7782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean","family":"Mboma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition Laval University  Quebec City Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Leblanc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition Laval University  Quebec City Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods Laval University  Quebec City Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sereana","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9 L.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science 4\u2010002 Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovations University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Tchernof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition Laval University  Quebec City Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods Laval University  Quebec City Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute  Quebec City Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Dub\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods Laval University  Quebec City Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Angers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of 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