{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T05:05:47Z","timestamp":1791176747960,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,17]],"date-time":"2003-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1047859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes Chromosomes &amp; Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common form of childhood cancer. The peak incidence of ALL between ages 2 and 5 is accounted for by one subtype, referred to as common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL). About 25% of cALL patients have the <jats:italic>TEL\u2010AML1<\/jats:italic> gene fusion derived from the t(12;21) chromosomal translocation. Recent evidence from retrospective analysis of neonatal blood spots (Guthrie cards) in Europe has demonstrated that this chromosome translocation may arise prenatally. The aim of our study was to determine whether <jats:italic>TEL\u2010AML1<\/jats:italic> fusions arise prenatally in a U.S. population of cALL patients. <jats:italic>TEL\u2010AML1<\/jats:italic>\u2013positive cALL cases (n = 14) were identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and the genomic breakpoints were identified by a streamlined long\u2010distance PCR approach and sequenced. Clonotypic primers were designed for each patient breakpoint, and a nested PCR assay was used to determine the presence of the <jats:italic>TEL\u2010AML1<\/jats:italic> fusion sequence in neonatal Guthrie cards. Seven of 14 cases demonstrated clonotypic sequences on the archival Guthrie cards. The oldest patient that was positive was 6.7 years old at the time of diagnosis of leukemia. These results confirm previously published findings of a prenatal origin of <jats:italic>TEL\u2010AML1<\/jats:italic> in Europe by demonstrating its occurrence in a California\u2010born population. Secondary changes were also similar to those described previously, with deletion of the second <jats:italic>TEL<\/jats:italic> allele being the most common. Other secondary changes included duplication of the fusion gene, trisomy 21, and monosomy X. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.10199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,24]],"date-time":"2003-03-24T11:59:12Z","timestamp":1048507152000},"page":"36-43","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Prenatal origin of <i>TEL\u2010AML1<\/i>\u2013positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children born in California"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Cliona M.","family":"McHale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph L.","family":"Wiemels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luoping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Buffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weihong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mignon L.","family":"Loh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martyn T.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2402095"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V90.2.571","article-title":"Incidence and clinical relevance of TEL\/AML1 fusion gene in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia enrolled in the German and Italian Multicenter Therapy Trials. 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