{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T14:02:12Z","timestamp":1761919332932},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,13]],"date-time":"2010-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1271116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes Chromosomes &amp;amp; Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disorder characterized by ectopic endometrium associated with pelvic pain and infertility. The pathogenesis of endometriosis is unclear, and several genetic, endocrine, immune, and environmental agents have been studied as putative causative factors. However, consistent somatic genetic alterations have not been identified. Rarely, endometriosis presents as a mass lesion with an infiltrative pattern reminiscent of malignancy. We describe cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic findings of mass\u2010forming endometriosis. The index case of pulmonary endometriosis underwent conventional and molecular cytogenetics analysis. In addition, 16 cases of mass\u2010forming endometriosis, 11 cases of usual endometriosis, and six endometriomas were investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for <jats:italic>HMGA1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>HMGA2<\/jats:italic> loci, performed on paraffin\u2010embedded thin tissue sections with custom\u2010designed probes. The index patient had an endometriotic lung nodule, with a 46,XX, t(5;6)(q13;p21) karyotype and <jats:italic>HMGA1<\/jats:italic> rearrangement by FISH. A second patient had decidualized endometriosis forming a large abdominal mass and <jats:italic>HMGA1<\/jats:italic> rearrangement by FISH. Of the 15 other cases of mass\u2010forming endometriosis, one had <jats:italic>HMGA1<\/jats:italic> rearrangement and two had <jats:italic>HMGA2<\/jats:italic> rearrangement. The rearrangements were found in the stromal component exclusively. None of the usual endometriosis cases or endometriomas had <jats:italic>HMGA1<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>HMGA2<\/jats:italic> rearrangements. In conclusion, mass\u2010forming endometriosis is an uncommon subset of endometriosis that harbors <jats:italic>HMGA1<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>HMGA2<\/jats:italic> rearrangements in up to 29% of cases. The present findings support the concept that endometriosis is clonal and that rearrangement of <jats:italic>HMGA<\/jats:italic> genes likely contributes to its pathogenesis. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.20772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,13]],"date-time":"2010-04-13T14:53:03Z","timestamp":1271170383000},"page":"630-634","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["<i>HMGA1<\/i> and <i>HMGA2<\/i> rearrangements in mass\u2010forming endometriosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Fabiola","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana R.","family":"Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele R.","family":"Erickson\u2010Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Purna C.","family":"Kashyap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Dal Cin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Nucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoke","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debra A.","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andre M.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"164","article-title":"Endometriosis and infertility: A review","volume":"51","author":"Allaire 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