{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T00:13:17Z","timestamp":1780704797136,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Genes Chromosomes &amp; Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>PLAG1<\/jats:italic> rearrangements have been described as a molecular hallmark of salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma (PA), carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CEPA), and myoepithelial carcinoma (MECA). Several fusion partners have been described, however, commonly no further assignment to the aforementioned entities or a morphological prediction can be made based on the knowledge of the fusion partner alone. In contrast, <jats:italic>TGFBR3\u2010PLAG1<\/jats:italic> fusion has been specifically described and characterized as an oncogenic driver in MECA, and less common in MECA ex PA. Here, we describe the clinicopathological features of three <jats:italic>TGFBR3\u2010PLAG1<\/jats:italic> fusion\u2010positive salivary gland neoplasms, all of which arose in the deep lobe of the parotid gland. Histopathology showed high morphological similarities, encompassing encapsulation, a polylobular growth pattern, bland basaloid and oncocytoid cells with myoepithelial differentiation, and a distinct sclerotic background. All cases showed at least limited, unusual foci of minimal invasion into adjacent salivary gland tissue, including one case with <jats:italic>ERBB2<\/jats:italic> (Her2\/neu) amplified, <jats:italic>TP53<\/jats:italic> mutated high\u2010grade transformation, and lymph node metastases. Of note, all cases illustrated focal ductal differentiation. Classification remains difficult, as morphological overlaps between myoepithelial\u2010rich cellular PA, myoepithelioma, and MECA were observed. However, evidence of minimal invasion advocates classification as low\u2010grade MECA. This case series further characterizes the spectrum of uncommon cellular myoepithelial neoplasms harboring <jats:italic>TGFBR3\u2010PLAG1<\/jats:italic> fusion, which show recurrent minimal invasion of the adjacent salivary gland tissue, a predilection to the deep lobe of the parotid gland, and potential high\u2010grade transformation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.23009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T06:12:39Z","timestamp":1636524759000},"page":"94-104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Expanding the clinicopathological spectrum of <scp><i>TGFBR3\u2010PLAG1<\/i><\/scp> rearranged salivary gland neoplasms with myoepithelial differentiation including evidence of high\u2010grade transformation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7043-3456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niels J.","family":"Rupp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"H\u00f6ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muriel","family":"Brada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenic","family":"Vital","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gr\u00e9goire B.","family":"Morand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery, Sir Mortimer B. Davis \u2010 Jewish General Hospital McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina A.","family":"Broglie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin W.","family":"Huellner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra N.","family":"Freiberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-011-1063-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.20938"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001196"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.22980"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2014.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.30179"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13759"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01178-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001591"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.22927"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001258"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-019-01055-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000933"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-018-2376-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001218"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-013-0459-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","volume-title":"WHO 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