{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T18:15:20Z","timestamp":1791915320356,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]],"date-time":"2019-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Challenges"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Malaysia targets to become the second\u2010largest producer of solar photovoltaic (PV) in the world by increasing the current output from 12% to 20% in 2020. The government also expects to achieve 45% reduction of greenhouse gas emission by 2030 through renewable energy mainly by solar PV. Large\u2010scale solar (LSS) aims to produce 2.5 GW, which contributes to 10% of the nation's electricity demands. The LSS system is held back by the grid\u2010scale integration, transmission, and distribution infrastructure. Thus, power system analysis is crucial to achieve optimization in LSS to power grid integration. This paper investigates various power system analysis models and recommends an optimized configuration based on Malaysia's LSS scenario. In stage 1, an optimal PV sizing is carried out based on real data of LSS installation in different locations. In stage 2, power analysis is carried out using to analyze the potential difference variation when connected to a nine\u2010bus power system. The potential variation at each bus of the system is assessed and hence provides a feasibility statement on the most effective configurations for LSS\u2013grid integration. This paper serves as the reference model for LSS\u2013grid integration in Malaysia and is expected to be replicated in the other countries with similar conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/gch2.201900060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]],"date-time":"2019-11-28T07:43:02Z","timestamp":1574926982000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Assessment of Malaysia's Large\u2010Scale Solar Projects: Power System Analysis for Solar PV Grid Integration"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Rehan","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Physical Science Heriot\u2010Watt University, Malaysia  1 Jalan Venna P5\/2, Precinct 5, Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya 62200 Putrajaya Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9672-7519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun Ii","family":"Go","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Physical Science Heriot\u2010Watt University, Malaysia  1 Jalan Venna P5\/2, Precinct 5, Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya 62200 Putrajaya Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_1","volume-title":"Renewable Energy Statistics","author":"International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Renewables Global Futures Report: Great Debates towards 100% Renewable Energy","author":"REN21","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40565-014-0043-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","volume-title":"Solar Energy Engineering: Processes and Systems","author":"Kalogirou S. A.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAS.1985.318968"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/60.50805"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/59.99376"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/60.9348"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/60.105264"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"S. Achilles S. Schramm J. Bebic 2008 National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Golden CO"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2014.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2012.2219886"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2005.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MPE.2011.940579"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MPE.2014.2302221"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2014 IEEE PES General Meeting|Conference & Exposition","author":"Ghosh S.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPST.2000.900100","volume-title":"PowerCon 2000. 2000 Int. Conf. on Power System Technology. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX409)","author":"Pandiaraj K.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"210","volume-title":"2002 Fifth Int. Conf. on Power System Management and Control, Conf. Publ. No. 488","author":"Wallace A. R.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proc. of the 2011 Int. Conf. on Electrical Engineering and Informatics","author":"Shah R.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15676\/ijeei.2012.4.1.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ECCE-Asia.2013.6579138"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2014 IEEE PES General Meeting|Conference & Exposition","author":"Kabir S.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2012 9th Int. Conf. on Electrical Engineering\/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology","author":"Chanhome A.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","volume-title":"Scaling Up Variable Renewable Power: The Role of Grid Codes","author":"IRENA","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2012.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2011.09.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-50197-0_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2009 CIGRE\/IEEE PES Joint Symp. Integration of Wide\u2010Scale Renewable Resources into the Power Delivery System","author":"Fleeman J. A.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2172\/986925"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","unstructured":"Grid code for peninsular Malaysia http:\/\/www.st.gov.my\/index.php\/en\/download\u2010page\/category\/94\u2010guidelines\u2010electricity?download=603:grid\u2010code\u2010for\u2010peninsular\u2010malaysia(accessed: June2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2016.05.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","unstructured":"Guidelines on large scale solar photovoltaic plant for connection to electricity networks http:\/\/www.st.gov.my\/index.php\/en\/download\u2010page\/category\/94\u2010guidelines\u2010electricity?download=594:guidelines\u2010on\u2010large\u2010scale\u2010solar\u2010photovoltaic\u2010plant\u2010for\u2010connection\u2010to\u2010electricity\u2010networks(accessed: June2017)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2014 IEEE 27th Canadian Conf. on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE)","author":"AbdEl\u2010Gawad H.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","volume-title":"Elements of Power Systems Analysis","author":"Stevenson","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","unstructured":"Request for proposal (RFP) for the development of large\u2010scale solar photovoltaic (LSSPV) plants in Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah for commercial operation in 2017\u20132018."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","unstructured":"Request for proposal (RFP) for the development of large\u2010scale solar photovoltaic (LSSPV) plants in Peninsular Malaysia Sabah and Labuan for commercial operation in 2019\u20132020."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","unstructured":"Current Population Estimates Malaysia 2014\u20132016 https:\/\/www.dosm.gov.my\/v1\/index.php?r=column\/ctheme&menu_id=L0pheU43NWJwRWVSZklWdzQ4TlhUUT09&bul_id=OWlxdEVoYlJCS0hUZzJyRUcvZEYxZz09(accessed: July 2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","unstructured":"M.Solar About Savanna PV http:\/\/morgansolar.com\/savannapvtracker(accessed: May2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","unstructured":"T.Hamilton Morgan Solar One of the Last Remaining Concentrating PV Firms Wins 10MW Project https:\/\/www.greentechmedia.com\/articles\/read\/morgan\u2010solar\u2010wins\u201010mw\u2010project(accessed:2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","unstructured":"Sunearthtools Calculation of sun's position in the sky for each location on the earth at any time of day https:\/\/www.sunearthtools.com\/dp\/tools\/pos_sun.php?lang=en(accessed:2018)."}],"container-title":["Global Challenges"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/gch2.201900060","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/gch2.201900060","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/gch2.201900060","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T19:14:18Z","timestamp":1694027658000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/gch2.201900060"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/gch2.201900060"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/gch2.201900060","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-6646","2056-6646"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-6646","type":"print"},{"value":"2056-6646","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-07-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"1900060"}}