{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T23:32:42Z","timestamp":1789601562515,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Challenges"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study investigates the efficacy of chemically modified bone adhesive as a formaldehyde\u2010free binder for wood\u2010based industries. Two different types of adhesive are formulated after chemical modification of bone powder using sulfuric acid (0.5\n                    <jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>\n                    ) and polyvinyl acetate (PVA). Gel time, solid content, Fourier\u2010transform infrared spectroscopy (FT\u2010IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), viscosity, and single lap joint test for shear strength are analyzed in order to assess the adhesive properties. To analyze the efficacy of the formulated adhesive, particleboards are fabricated using boiled and unboiled sugarcane bagasse. The physical and mechanical properties of the fabricated panels are measured following ASTM standards. It is found that adhesive Type C (T\u2010C) has the shortest gel time of 4.2\u00a0min for the highest shear strength, i.e., 5.31\u00a0MPa. The particleboard (BTC\u20102) fabricated using T\u2010C adhesive shows a highest density of 0.73\u00a0g cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\n                    , a modulus of elasticity (MOE) of 1975 N mm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and a modulus of rupture (MOR) of 11.80 N mm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    . The dimensional stability of the fabricated particleboards does not follow the standard requirements; however, further study might be helpful for using the chemically modified bone adhesive as a biobased adhesive.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/gch2.202100002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T02:34:04Z","timestamp":1622169244000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Formulation and Characterization of Formaldehyde\u2010Free Chemically Modified Bone\u2010Based Adhesive for Lignocellulosic Composite Products"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2458-1626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Nazrul","family":"Islam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline Khulna University  Khulna 9208 Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afroza Akter","family":"Liza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline Khulna University  Khulna 9208 Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mst. Liza","family":"Khatun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline Khulna University  Khulna 9208 Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Omar","family":"Faruk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shushilan Jalil Sharoni  155 Jalil\u2010Sarani Khulna 9100 Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atanu Kumar","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences  Ume\u00e5 SE\u201090183 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moutusi","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline Khulna University  Khulna 9208 Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Jahurul Haque","family":"Akanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior Lecturer Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS)  Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu Sabah 88400 Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.178"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13073\/65.1-2.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"C. B.Vick Adhesive Bonding of Wood Materials Wood Handbook: Wood as an Engineering Material USDA Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory1999 pp.9.1\u20139.24."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-55938-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2013.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.9b00801"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2020.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gch2.202000044"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","author":"Islam M. N.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Adhes. Adhes."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/star.201700211"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01694243.2013.787515"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2014.01.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.222"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2012.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.088"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1656(00)00241-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/sic.2007.52.Supplement-1.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3157152"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"40","volume":"1","author":"Nwachukwu M. I.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Global J. Sci. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"1458","volume":"3","author":"Rauf A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Sci., Environ. Technol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"1592","volume":"9","author":"Gunorubon A. J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"174","volume":"12","author":"Hadush A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ethiop. Pharm. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1002\/3527600582.ch8","volume-title":"Polymer Dispersions and Their Industrial Applications","author":"Urban D.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00107-009-0307-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2017.11.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","volume-title":"Official Methods of Analysis (11th Ed.), Association of Official Agricultural Chemists","author":"AOAC","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60131a045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11814-017-0221-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","volume-title":"Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh","author":"Dey M.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","volume-title":"Specification for Concrete Aggregates","author":"A. S. D1037","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","unstructured":"Integrated Development for R RStudio Inc. http:\/\/www.rstudio.com\/(accessed: March 2019)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","volume-title":"Psych: Procedures for Personality and Psychological Research","author":"Revelle W.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","volume-title":"An R Companion to Applied Regression","author":"Fox J.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-98141-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","unstructured":"Origin OriginLab. Northampton MA.2007."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","first-page":"231","volume":"21","author":"Beall F. C.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Wood Fiber Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2018.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","first-page":"33","volume":"7","author":"Gadhave R. V.","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Polym. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","first-page":"205","volume-title":"Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins","author":"Angleimer A. F.","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","first-page":"307","volume-title":"Gelatin in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry","author":"Alleavitch J.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma9909455"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0032-3861(83)90001-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/masy.200351337"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2004.08.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2018.01.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-019-03326-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings8100342"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1606948114"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","first-page":"305","volume-title":"Fiber Ingredients: Food Applications and Health Benefits","author":"Kahlon T. S.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5RA14343H"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03602559.2016.1185623"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2012.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","first-page":"68","volume-title":"Changes of viscosity during preparation of soy protein isolate adhesives and their adhesive properties","author":"Zhang J. T.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1533\/9781845695873.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01694243.2014.987362"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","first-page":"283","volume":"8","author":"Sulaiman N. S.","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioResources"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. N.Jyothi S. N.Moorthy K. N.Rajasekharan Effect of cross\u2010linking with epichlorohydrin on the properties of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) starch. Starch\u2010Starke 2006 Vol.58 pp.292\u2013299.","DOI":"10.1002\/star.200500468"}],"container-title":["Global Challenges"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/gch2.202100002","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/gch2.202100002","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/gch2.202100002","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T06:54:34Z","timestamp":1693292074000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/gch2.202100002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/gch2.202100002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/gch2.202100002","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2056-6646","2056-6646"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2056-6646","type":"print"},{"value":"2056-6646","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-01-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2100002"}}