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Photocatalytic membrane reactors (PMRs) have emerged as a promising technology for air purification due to their ability to integrate photocatalytic degradation and membrane separation in a single system. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the advancements, challenges, and future prospects of PMR technology for VOC degradation and NO<jats:italic><jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> treatment. Various photocatalytic membranes and their fabrication techniques, including material selection, structural modifications, and catalyst immobilization strategies, are critically analyzed. The study further explores different PMR configurations, operational parameters, and their efficiency in air treatment applications. A theoretical PMR test system is also presented to evaluate design optimization strategies. Despite its potential, challenges such as membrane fouling, catalyst deactivation, and scale\u2010up limitations remain critical barriers to widespread adoption. Future trends focus on enhancing photocatalytic performance, developing cost\u2010effective materials, and optimizing reactor designs to facilitate large\u2010scale industrial applications of PMRs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/gch2.202500035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T05:47:27Z","timestamp":1744955247000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Challenges and Perspectives on Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors for Volatile Organic Compounds Degradation and Nitrogen Oxides Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Hassnain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering Edith Cowan University (ECU)  270 Joondalup Dr Joondalup WA 6027 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asad","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering Edith Cowan University (ECU)  270 Joondalup Dr Joondalup WA 6027 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5938-282X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Rizwan","family":"Azhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering Edith Cowan University (ECU)  270 Joondalup Dr Joondalup WA 6027 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Abutaleb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Water Technologies Innovation Institute &amp; Research Advancement Saline Water Conversion Corporation  Saudi Water Authority WTIIRA\u2010SWA Jubail 35417 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Mubashir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Water Technologies Innovation Institute &amp; Research Advancement Saline Water Conversion Corporation  Saudi Water Authority WTIIRA\u2010SWA Jubail 35417 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-60786-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-21596-9_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893-020-00602-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814719-1.00017-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2024.103534"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2019.01.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-042220-011549"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization Air Pollution 2024 https:\/\/www.who.int\/health\u2010topics\/air\u2010pollution#tab=tab_1(accessed: April 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.07.322"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ina.12389"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2024.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17238972"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41370-019-0175-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","unstructured":"Z.Klimont C.Heyes P.Rafaj L.H\u00f6glund\u2010Isaksson P.Purohit K.Kaltenegger A.Gomez\u2010Sanabria Y.Kim W.Winiwarter L.Warnecke W.Schoepp F.Lindl G.Kiesewetter R.Sander B.Nguyen Global Gridded Anthropogenic Emissions of Air Pollutants and Methane for the Period 1990\u20132050 Zenodo2023 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.10366132."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","unstructured":"NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies Panoply Data Viewer 2024 https:\/\/www.giss.nasa.gov\/tools\/panoply\/(accessed: April 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","volume-title":"Australia State of the Environment 2021","author":"Emmerson K. 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