{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T14:58:16Z","timestamp":1790607496258,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Challenges"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes is a valuable organic reaction that has attracted significant interest from researchers in recent years. Herein, a new nanocomposite (GO@POM\u2010Cr) was prepared via an electrostatic assembly method. The surface of graphene oxide (GO) was modified with ammonium groups, and the chromium\u2010containing polyoxomolybdate anion, Na\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    [PCr(H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O)Mo\n                    <jats:sub>11<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>39<\/jats:sub>\n                    ] (POM\u2010Cr), was subsequently immobilized on GO as the counter anion to the ammonium cation through a simple ion\u2010exchange process. The Fourier\u2010 transform infrared (FT\u2010IR) spectroscopy confirmed the successful immobilization of POM\u2010Cr, with the P\u2010O\n                    <jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>\n                    peak at \u223c1118\u00a0cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    appearing as a single, unsplit band, directly evidencing chromium incorporation into the Keggin framework. The surface properties of GO@POM\u2010Cr were further investigated using Raman spectroscopy, X\u2010ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and elemental analysis. Remarkably, the GO@POM\u2010Cr nanocomposite demonstrated high catalytic efficiency for nitroarene reduction (99% conversion) under mild reaction conditions. The reactions were performed in ethanol as a green solvent in the presence of hydrazine hydrate as the reducing agent. Mechanistic investigations suggested that the reduction proceeds via a direct pathway involving nitroso and hydroxylamine intermediates, affording the corresponding anilines with excellent selectivity and catalyst stability over multiple reaction cycles.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/gch2.70159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T06:18:09Z","timestamp":1790144289000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Graphene Oxide\u2010Supported Chromium\u2010Containing Polyoxometalate as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for Nitroarene Reduction Under Mild Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Khalaji\u2010Verjani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, College of Science University of Tehran  Tehran 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