{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:49:56Z","timestamp":1771462196841,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,3]],"date-time":"2005-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5632,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genetic Epidemiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we examined the relationship of two common genetic markers in black populations, sickle cell trait and glucose\u20106\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase (G\u20106\u2010PD) deficiency, to cardiovascular risk factors. The subjects were Nigerian civil servants in Benin City, Nigeria. We measured blood pressure, height, weight, sickle cell hemoglobin, G\u20106\u2010PD, proteinuria, microalbuminuria and fasting serum cholesterol, high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglycerides, apoprotein (APO) AI, and APO B. Data were collected on age, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, job status, and years lived in an urban area. There were 257 males (3 SS hemoglobin, 73 AS, 181 AA) and 69 females (23 AS, 46 AA). In comparing cardiovascular risk factors, males differed only in percent of smokers (31.5 in AS vs. 17.8 in AA, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). Among females, only high\u2010density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol differed (61.5 mg\/dl in AS vs. 52.4 in AA, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). We hypothesize that females with sickle cell trait are more likely to use oral contraceptives than nontrait females. If so, the high\u2010estrogen oral contraceptives available in Nigeria could elevate HDL. G\u20106\u2010PD deficiency status among males (52 deficient, 207 nondeficient) and females (1 deficient, 5 carriers, 65 nondeficient) was not related to any of the cardiovascular risk factors. We conclude that sickle cell hemoglobin trait and G\u20106\u2010PD deficiency are not useful genetic markers for risk factors for cardiovascular disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.1370070305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,11]],"date-time":"2005-06-11T21:52:34Z","timestamp":1118526754000},"page":"211-218","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Blood pressure and other cardiovascular disease risk factors in black adults with sickle cell trait or glucose\u20106\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Martin U.","family":"Nwankwo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clareann H.","family":"Bunker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flora A.","family":"Ukoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jackson A.","family":"Omene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald T.","family":"Freeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emanuel N.","family":"Vergis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lan Lan","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lewis H.","family":"Kuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. 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