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The purpose was to assess the extent of epidemiologic similarities among these five defects. Data were collected as part of a population\u2010based case\u2010control study of infants with these defects born to mothers residing in Maryland, Washington, D.C., or Northern Virginia from 1980 through 1987. The estimated annual birth prevalences (per 10,000 live births) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of these five defects were 0.40 (0.26\u20130.61) for BE, 1.34 (1.08\u20131.67) for OM, 1.59 (1.29\u20131.95) for DH, 2.11 (1.76\u20132.53) for EA\/TEF, and 2.97 (2.55\u20133.46) for IA\/F. The birth prevalence of IA\/F and DH increased between 1980 and 1987. In contrast to the other four defects, DH showed a significant male preponderance (rate ratio 1.57, 95% CI 1.03\u20132.47), a significant white excess (rate ratio white:other, 1.56, 95% CI 1.00\u20132.48), and a lower proportion of multiple associated defects (30% vs. 46\u201361%). We concluded from this study that the descriptive epidemiology of diaphragmatic hernia is different from that of the other four defects. This finding may imply differences in etiologic and pathogenetic mechanisms underlying DH. \u00a9 1994 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.1370110205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,11]],"date-time":"2005-06-11T21:57:51Z","timestamp":1118527071000},"page":"141-154","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Comparative epidemiology of selected midline congenital abnormalities"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ping","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muin J.","family":"Khoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter F.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terri H.","family":"Beaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elsbeth","family":"Chee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer C.","family":"Beatty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Earl L.","family":"Diamond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leon","family":"Gordis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"60","volume-title":"Statistical Methods in Medical Research","author":"Armitage P","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"470","article-title":"An epidemiologic studies of congenital malformations of the anterior abdominal wall in more than half of a million consecutive live births","volume":"33","author":"Baird PA","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320390311"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.62.6.576"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.39.4.445"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"579","article-title":"Congenital defects of the anus and rectum","volume":"20","author":"Brenner EC","year":"1915","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"491","article-title":"The complexities of solving the problem of human malformations","volume":"13","author":"Brent RL","year":"1986","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Statistical Method in Cancer Research Vol. II: The Design and Analysis of Cohort Studies. 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