{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:38:28Z","timestamp":1792456708513,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical and Public Health Guidelines"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It has been estimated to take 17 years for research to change clinical practice. Scientific Knowledge Accelerator Foundation aims to narrow this research\u2010practice gap, hypothesising that making scientific evidence computable will accelerate the pace of knowledge transfer. We designed this study to develop a reusable process for measuring the rate of knowledge transfer from clinical trials to practice guidelines to evaluate the effectiveness of our efforts in the years to come.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study uses citation in clinical guidelines as a proxy for use of research in practice. We will evaluate a convenience sample of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), trace their citations in the clinical literature, and measure the length of time it takes for RCT results to be incorporated into recommendations for clinical practice. For each \u2018index article\u2019 in our convenience sample, we will record the date its results were publicly available (including preprint date and date of posting results in a registry, if applicable). Then, we will identify articles that cite the index article, sorting by date to find the earliest use of the RCT findings to inform an evidence\u2010based recommendation for clinical practice. To qualify, these articles will meet three criteria: (1) systematically derived, (2) incorporating the RCT in the results section of the article and (3) making a recommendation intended to inform clinical practice. Review articles meeting the first two criteria will be checked for their use in subsequent generation of recommendations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study will develop a process to approach the question, \u2018How long does it take for results of clinical trials to be incorporated into published systematically derived recommendations intended to guide clinical practice?\u2019<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gin2.70069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T16:38:20Z","timestamp":1775839100000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Does It Really Take 17 Years for Clinical Trial Results to Reach Clinical Practice? A Meta\u2010Research Protocol of the Evaluation of Trials Informing Recommendations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4300-4928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian S.","family":"Alper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computable Publishing LLC Franklin North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Scientific Knowledge Accelerator Foundation Franklin North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Dehnbostel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computable Publishing LLC Franklin North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Scientific Knowledge Accelerator Foundation Franklin North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Couban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Knowledge Accelerator Foundation Franklin North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesia McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth J.","family":"Wilkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Program\/Office of Clinical Research Support, Office of the Director, National Institute of Diabetes &amp; Digestive &amp; Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH\/NIDDK\/OD) Bethesda Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine &amp; Biostatistics F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen A.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Knowledge Accelerator Foundation Franklin North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Management and Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Knowledge Accelerator Foundation Franklin North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Scientific Knowledge Accelerator Foundation","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1637943"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/jrsm.2011.110180"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03490020088036"},{"issue":"7242","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"1107","article-title":"Evaluating \u201cPayback\u201d on Biomedical Research From Papers Cited in Clinical Guidelines: Applied Bibliometric Study","volume":"320","author":"Grant J.","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ (London)"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"J.Grant L.Green andB.Mason \u201cFrom Bedside to Bench: Comroe and Dripps Revisited [Internet] \u201d2010 http:\/\/bura.brunel.ac.uk\/handle\/2438\/4186."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.23.12725"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","volume-title":"Clinical Practice Guidelines We Can Trust [Internet]","author":"Institute of Medicine (US)","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"W.Weistra \u201c8 Key Insights From the 2024 State of FHIR Survey [Internet] \u201d Firely 2024 https:\/\/fire.ly\/regulations\/cms\u20100057\u2010f\u2010interoperability\u2010and\u2010patient\u2010access\u2010final\u2010rule\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CIN.0000000000001033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","unstructured":"\u201cCMS Interoperability and Prior Authorization Final Rule CMS\u20100057\u2010F | CMS [Internet] \u201dhttps:\/\/www.cms.gov\/newsroom\/fact\u2010sheets\/cms\u2010interoperability\u2010and\u2010prior\u2010authorization\u2010final\u2010rule\u2010cms\u20100057\u2010f."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/54265"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa114"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"\u201cHEvKA\u2010Health Evidence Knowledge Accelerator\u2014Clinical Decision Support\u2014Confluence [Internet] \u201d 2025 https:\/\/confluence.hl7.org\/spaces\/CDS\/pages\/97468919\/HEvKA\u2010Health+Evidence+Knowledge+Accelerator."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"\u201cScientific Knowledge Accelerator Foundation (SKAF) [Internet] \u201d 2025 https:\/\/gps.health\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","unstructured":"\u201cKDIGO\u20102025\u2010Anemia\u2010CKD\u2010Guideline_Public\u2010Review\u2010Draft_Nov42024 \u201dhttps:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/kdigo.org\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/KDIGO\u20102025\u2010Anemia\u2010in\u2010CKD\u2010Guideline_Public\u2010Review\u2010Draft_Nov42024.pdf&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1755595450771327&usg=AOvVaw1o3nuOgvIT1xVWRubq6Owe."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","unstructured":"\u201cScopus [Internet] \u201d 2025. 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