{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:59:16Z","timestamp":1791381556332,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ES\/Y008189\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES\/Y008189\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical and Public Health Guidelines"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Physical activity guidelines and their supplementary messaging play a fundamental role in raising awareness and increasing knowledge at a population level. In the United Kingdom, there are no national\u2010level messaging campaigns accompanying the strength component of their physical activity guidelines for public health. Perhaps unsurprisingly, then, research indicates a very low awareness of and adherence to the strength component of these guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study used the Physical Activity Messaging Framework (PAMF) during a participatory workshop to inform messaging guidance aimed to accompany the UK's Chief Medical Officers' muscle\u2010strengthening guidelines. We focused on a subgroup of middle\u2010aged women. Twenty adults (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200918 females) aged 40\u201360 years residing in the Greater Manchester area participated in one, 4\u2010h, in\u2010person workshop. Participants were in the contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, or termination stage of the Transtheoretical Model of behaviour change. The focus group activities and resulting discussions aligned with the PAMF to identify message content, format, and delivery that resonated with the target audience.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Discussions revealed that it is simply not enough to tell people to do muscle\u2010strengthening exercise (even when including information about frequency, muscle groups, or intensity) if we hope to increase self\u2010efficacy, competence, or change behaviour. Individuals need more details on\n                      <jats:italic>how<\/jats:italic>\n                      to practically participate in muscle\u2010strengthening exercise. Those who do not know how or who do not feel confident they know enough, simply will not start, revealing a clear enactment barrier. As a solution, participants proposed that future messaging campaigns include links to more detailed information on\n                      <jats:italic>how<\/jats:italic>\n                      to participate in muscle\u2010strengthening exercise, practically and effectively. This is the first study to use the PAMF to develop messaging recommendations for (inter)national\u2010level mass media campaigns aligned to the muscle\u2010strengthening guidelines.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gin2.70083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T10:46:17Z","timestamp":1786358777000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Public Engagement to Inform Messaging Aligning With the Muscle\u2010Strengthening Guidelines"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2121-3131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley","family":"Gluchowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health &amp; Society University of Salford Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00150-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesf.2024.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0267277"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242220"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10389-025-02596-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-04461-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648231193562"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-021-01328-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2159676X.2018.1431305"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191610002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-17289-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","unstructured":"House of Commons Health and Social Care Committee Healthy Ageing: Physical Activity in an Ageing Society (2026)."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","unstructured":"International Society for Physical Activity and Health Eight Investments That Work for Physical Activity (2020) https:\/\/ispah.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/English-Eight-Investments-That-Work-FINAL.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.2019-0023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10020098"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-021-01230-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-021-01182-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-020-00954-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/136910500422241"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114523"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-12.1.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/qshc.2004.011155"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","volume-title":"Successful Qualitative Research: A Practical Guide for Beginners","author":"Braun V.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315762012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119410867"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","volume-title":"Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research","author":"Krueger R. 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