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Astrocytes are proving critical for normal CNS function, and alterations in their activity could contribute to diabetes\u2010related disturbances in the brain. We examined the effects of streptozotocin (STZ)\u2010induced diabetes in rats on the level of the astrocyte intermediate filament protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), number of astrocytes, and levels of the astrocyte glutamate transporters, glutamate transporter\u20101 (GLT\u20101) and glutamate\/aspartate transporter (GLAST), in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum by Western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IH). Studies were carried out at 4 and 8 weeks of diabetes duration. Diabetes resulted in a significant decrease in GFAP protein levels (WB) in the hippocampus and cerebellum at 4 weeks and in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum by 8 weeks. Attenuated GFAP immunoreactivity (IH) was evident in the hippocampus, cerebellum and white matter regions such as the corpus callosum and external capsule at both 4 and 8 weeks of diabetes. Astrocyte cell counts of adjacent sections immunoreactive for S\u2010100B were not different between control and diabetic animals. No significant differences were noted in astrocyte glutamate transporter levels in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, or cerebellum at either time period (WB, IH). With the expanding list of astrocyte functions in the CNS, the role of astrocytes in diabetes\u2010induced CNS disorders clearly warrants further investigation. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,15]],"date-time":"2004-06-15T15:59:02Z","timestamp":1087315142000},"page":"166-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Effects of diabetes mellitus on astrocyte GFAP and glutamate transporters in the 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