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The <jats:italic>mRNA<\/jats:italic> and protein expression of Tfrc increased up to 6 weeks of age and decreased in 12 week rats. Tfrc immunoreactivity was observed on pinealocytes and macrophages\/microglia. By immunoelectron microscopy, the immunoreaction in pinealocytes was observed in the cytosol, on mitochondria and plasma membrane whereas in macrophages\/microglia it was localized on the plasma membrane in 1\u2010day to 2\u2010week old rats. In older rats, the immunoreaction product in pinealocytes was associated with the plasma membrane and mitochondria only. Iron localization was observed in pinealocytes as well as macrophages\/microglia. It is suggested that Tfrc are required for uptake of iron for cell proliferation and maturation in the pineal gland upto 6 weeks of age. The significance of Tfrc expression on mitochondria is speculative. They may be involved in iron transport to the mitochondria or for regulation of the secretory activity of pinealocytes. The <jats:italic>Tfrc<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>mRNA<\/jats:italic> and protein expression increased significantly in response to hypoxia in 12\u2010week rats and this coincided with intense iron staining of the pinealocytes and macrophages\/microglia. It is concluded that increased expression of Tfrc in response to hypoxia leads to excess cellular uptake of iron which may be damaging to the cells. Melatonin administration in hypoxic rats may prove to be beneficial as it reduced the Tfrc expression. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,7]],"date-time":"2006-11-07T18:47:08Z","timestamp":1162925228000},"page":"263-273","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Expression of tranferrin receptors in the pineal gland of postnatal and adult rats and its alteration in hypoxia and melatonin treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Kaur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Sivakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. 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