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We investigated the effect of activity\u2010dependent neuronal transmitter release on Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>signaling of OECs in acute mouse olfactory bulb slices using confocal Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>imaging. TTX\u2010sensitive axonal activity upon electrical nerve stimulation triggers a rise in cytosolic Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>in OECs, which can be mimicked by application of DHPG, an agonist of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). Both stimulation\u2010 and DHPG\u2010induced Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>transients in OECs were abolished by depletion of intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>stores with cyclopiazonic acid (CPA). The mGluR<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010specific antagonist CPCCOEt completely inhibited DHPG\u2010evoked Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>transients, but reduced stimulation\u2010induced Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>transients only partly, suggesting the involvement of another neurotransmitter. Application of ATP evoked CPA\u2010sensitive Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>transients in OECs, which were inhibited by the P2Y<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010specific antagonist MRS2179. Co\u2010application of CPCCOEt and MRS2179 almost completely blocked the stimulation\u2010induced Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>transients, indicating that they were mediated by mGluR<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>and P2Y<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>receptors. Our results show that OECs are able to respond to olfactory nerve activity with an increase in cytosolic Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>due to glutamate and ATP release. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20460","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,29]],"date-time":"2006-11-29T23:43:45Z","timestamp":1164843825000},"page":"352-359","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Axon\u2010glia communication evokes calcium signaling in olfactory ensheathing cells of the developing olfactory bulb"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Anne","family":"Rieger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim 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