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Transplantation of OEG in the injured spinal cord promotes sprouting of injured axons and results in reduced cavity formation, enhanced axonal and tissue sparing, remyelination, and angiogenesis. Gene expression analysis may help to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the ability of OEG to recreate an environment that supports regeneration in the central nervous system. Here, we compared the transcriptome of cultured OEG (cOEG) with the transcriptomes of cultured Schwann cells (cSCs) and of OEG directly obtained from their natural environment (nOEG), the olfactory nerve layer of adult rats. Functional data mining by Gene Ontology (GO)\u2010analysis revealed a number of overrepresented GO\u2010classes associated with tissue repair. These classes include \u201cresponse to wounding,\u201d \u201cblood vessel development,\u201d \u201ccell adhesion,\u201d and GO\u2010classes related to the extracellular matrix and were overrepresented in the set of differentially expressed genes between both comparisons. The current screening approach combined with GO\u2010analysis has identified distinct molecular properties of OEG that may underlie their efficacy and interaction with host tissue after implantation in the injured spinal cord. These observations can form the basis for studies on the function of novel target molecules for therapeutic intervention after neurotrauma. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,9]],"date-time":"2008-07-09T15:53:43Z","timestamp":1215618823000},"page":"1285-1298","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Comparative gene expression profiling of olfactory ensheathing glia and Schwann cells indicates distinct tissue repair characteristics of olfactory ensheathing glia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Elske H.P.","family":"Franssen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Freddy M.","family":"De Bree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anke 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