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Here, we provide evidence that MMP\u20102 (gelatinase A) is associated with the physiological process of myelination in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). In a myelinating co\u2010culture model of Schwann cells and dorsal root ganglia neurons, MMP\u20102 expression correlated with the degree of myelination as determined by immunocytochemistry, zymography, and immunosorbent assay. Modulation of MMP\u20102 activity by chemical inhibitors led to incomplete and aberrant myelin formation. <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic> MMP\u20102 expression was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome as well as in CSF and sural nerve biopsies of patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Our findings suggest an important, previously unrecognized role for MMP\u20102 during myelination in the PNS. Endogenous or exogenous modulation of MMP\u20102 activity may be a relevant target to enhance regeneration in demyelinating diseases of the PNS. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,23]],"date-time":"2008-09-23T16:17:23Z","timestamp":1222186643000},"page":"479-489","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Matrix metalloproteinase\u20102 is involved in myelination of dorsal root ganglia neurons"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Helmar 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