{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T17:00:09Z","timestamp":1790010009275,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,15]],"date-time":"2009-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1247616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"NHMRC","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"APA"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Glia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Astrocytes play a vital role in the brain; their structural integrity and sustained function are essential for neuronal viability, especially after injury or insult. In this study, we have examined the response of astrocytes to hypoxia\/ischemia (H\/I), employing multiple methods (immunohistochemistry, iontophoretic cell injection, Golgi\u2010Kopsch staining, and <jats:sc>D<\/jats:sc>\u2010aspartate uptake) in a neonatal pig model of H\/I. We have identified morphological changes in cortical gray matter astrocytes in response to H\/I. Initial astrocytic changes were evident as early as 8 h post\u2010insult, before histological evidence for neuronal damage. By 72 h post\u2010insult, astrocytes exhibited significantly fewer processes that were shorter, thicker, and had abnormal terminal swellings, compared with astrocytes from control brains that exhibited a complex structure with multiple fine branching processes. Quantification and image analysis of astrocytes at 72 h post\u2010insult revealed significant decreases in the average astrocyte size, from 686 \u03bcm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> in controls to 401 \u03bcm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> in H\/I brains. Sholl analysis revealed a significant decrease (&gt;60%) in the complexity of astrocyte branching between 5 and 20 \u03bcm from the cell body. <jats:sc>D<\/jats:sc>\u2010Aspartate uptake studies revealed that the H\/I insult resulted in impaired astrocyte function, with significantly reduced clearance of the glutamate analog, <jats:sc>D<\/jats:sc>\u2010aspartate. These results suggest that astrocytes may be involved in the pathophysiological events of H\/I brain damage at a far earlier time point than first thought. Developing therapies that prevent or reverse these astrocytic changes may potentially improve neuronal survival and thus might be a useful strategy to minimize brain damage after an H\/I insult. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,18]],"date-time":"2009-07-18T06:11:45Z","timestamp":1247897505000},"page":"181-194","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Structural remodeling of gray matter astrocytes in the neonatal pig brain after hypoxia\/ischemia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Tracey","family":"Bj\u00f6rkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie M.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul B.","family":"Colditz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David V.","family":"Pow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000103741"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.1084"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.117.2.357"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.2.871"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21828"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.04.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(89)90227-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(80)90280-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21113"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(00)00067-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.1120"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5125-04.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(79)90022-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/7.5.422"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(99)00012-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra041996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(01)03011-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490170212"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(90)90155-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00232-004-0731-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2003.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(84)90271-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2008.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2004.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.1032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2008.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.0367k.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","volume-title":"Atlas of the Human Brain","author":"Mai JK","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903570407"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410420310"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2007.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(96)00003-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","volume-title":"The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates\u2014The new coronal set","author":"Paxinos G","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1645"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(07)82005-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000017324"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1990.141"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410051333"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(95)00363-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(05)80007-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2004.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(94)90249-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20747"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2008.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000080950"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000072517.01207.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.10317"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M704152200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00222774"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.01064"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(96)70161-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0602841103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0820-04.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.02.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1740925X06000263"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2004.10.014"}],"container-title":["Glia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fglia.20911","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/glia.20911","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]],"date-time":"2023-11-21T07:58:14Z","timestamp":1700553494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/glia.20911"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,15]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/glia.20911"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/glia.20911","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0894-1491","1098-1136"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0894-1491","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-1136","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,15]]}}}