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OECs transplantation as a promising experimental therapy for axonal injuries has been intensively studied; however, little is known about their roles in olfactory bulb development. In this study, we examined the effects of OECs on the migration of neural progenitors in rostral migratory stream (RMS). Initially, the neurosphere migration assay showed that OEC\u2010conditioned medium promoted progenitors to migrate from RMS neurospheres in a concentration dependent manner. Moreover, co\u2010culturing OECs nearby the RMS explants led to asymmetric migration of explants in different developing stages. However, OECs could influence the migration in a distance not further than 1.5 mm. Finally, slice assay that mimic the circumstance <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> revealed that OECs had a chemoattractive activity on RMS neural progenitors. Together, these results demonstrate that OECs attract neural progenitors in RMS through the release of diffusible factors and it is likely that OECs mainly influence radial migration in the olfactory bulb but not tangential migration of the RMS <jats:italic>invivo<\/jats:italic> during development. This suggests a previously unknown function for OECs in olfactory development and a novel mechanism underlying the targeting of RMS cells. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,20]],"date-time":"2010-01-20T15:48:33Z","timestamp":1264002513000},"page":"716-729","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Olfactory ensheathing cells: Attractant of neural progenitor migration to olfactory 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