{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T11:47:36Z","timestamp":1791978456222,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]],"date-time":"2017-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488931200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]],"date-time":"2017-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1105857"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1105857"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Glia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]],"date-time":"2017-03-08T10:08:58Z","timestamp":1488967738000},"page":"900-916","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["SNAT3-mediated glutamine transport in perisynaptic astrocytes<i>in situ<\/i>is regulated by intracellular sodium"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6318-5987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alison C.","family":"Todd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research; The Australian National University; 131 Garran Road Canberra ACT 2601 Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Integrative Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh EH8 9XD United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari-Carmen","family":"Marx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology; University of Cambridge; Tennis Court Road Cambridge CB2 1BT United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah R.","family":"Hulme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research; The Australian National University; 131 Garran Road Canberra ACT 2601 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Br\u00f6er","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research School of Biology; The Australian National University; Linnaeus Way 134 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5378-2809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Billups","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research; The Australian National University; 131 Garran Road Canberra ACT 2601 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0001|glia23133-cit-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.060293","article-title":"Bidirectional substrate fluxes through the system N (SNAT5) glutamine transporter may determine net glutamine flux in rat liver","volume":"559","author":"Baird","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0002|glia23133-cit-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x","article-title":"The glutamate\/GABA-glutamine cycle: Aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer","volume":"98","author":"Bak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0003|glia23133-cit-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20685","article-title":"Sodium signals in cerebellar Purkinje neurons and Bergmann glial cells evoked by glutamatergic synaptic transmission","volume":"56","author":"Bennay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0004|glia23133-cit-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17429","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1466-13.2013","article-title":"Inducible presynaptic glutamine transport supports glutamatergic transmission at the calyx of Held synapse","volume":"33","author":"Billups","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0005|glia23133-cit-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.09.015","article-title":"Functional expression of two system A glutamine transporter isoforms in rat auditory brainstem neurons","volume":"164","author":"Blot","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0006|glia23133-cit-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2002.01995.x","article-title":"Cell-specific expression of the glutamine transporter SN1 suggests differences in dependence on the glutamine cycle","volume":"15","author":"Boulland","year":"2002","journal-title":"European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0007|glia23133-cit-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.10188","article-title":"Highly differential expression of SN1, a bidirectional glutamine transporter, in astroglia and endothelium in the developing rat brain","volume":"41","author":"Boulland","year":"2003","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0008|glia23133-cit-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2001.013303","article-title":"Regulation of the glutamine transporter SN1 by extracellular pH and intracellular sodium ions","volume":"539","author":"Broer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0009|glia23133-cit-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1999.02184.x","article-title":"The astroglial ASCT2 amino acid transporter as a mediator of glutamine efflux","volume":"73","author":"Broer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0010|glia23133-cit-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20081","article-title":"Astroglial glutamine transport by system N is upregulated by glutamate","volume":"48","author":"Broer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0011|glia23133-cit-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3490787","article-title":"The heterodimeric amino acid transporter 4F2hc\/y+LAT2 mediates arginine efflux in exchange with glutamine","volume":"349","author":"Broer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochemistry Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0012|glia23133-cit-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-013-1393-y","article-title":"The SLC38 family of sodium-amino acid co-transporters","volume":"466","author":"Broer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pflugers Archiv"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0013|glia23133-cit-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7041","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.24.7041","article-title":"Coupled and uncoupled proton movement by amino acid transport system N","volume":"20","author":"Chaudhry","year":"2001","journal-title":"EMBO Journal"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0014|glia23133-cit-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81674-8","article-title":"Molecular analysis of system N suggests novel physiological roles in nitrogen metabolism and synaptic transmission","volume":"99","author":"Chaudhry","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0015|glia23133-cit-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-01-00062.2002","article-title":"Glutamine uptake by neurons: Interaction of protons with system a transporters","volume":"22","author":"Chaudhry","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0016|glia23133-cit-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903500208","article-title":"Cellular localization and laminar distribution of AMPA glutamate receptor subunits mRNAs and proteins in the rat cerebral cortex","volume":"350","author":"Conti","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0017|glia23133-cit-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20106","article-title":"Amino acid transporter SNAT5 localizes to glial cells in the rat brain","volume":"49","author":"Cubelos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0018|glia23133-cit-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.4.1026S","article-title":"Compartmentation of brain glutamate metabolism in neurons and glia","volume":"130","author":"Daikhin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0019|glia23133-cit-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(00)00067-8","article-title":"Glutamate uptake","volume":"65","author":"Danbolt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Progress in Neurobiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0020|glia23133-cit-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01981.x","article-title":"Glutamine efflux from astrocytes is mediated by multiple pathways","volume":"87","author":"Deitmer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0021|glia23133-cit-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0186(03)00123-2","article-title":"Glutamine uptake and expression of mRNA's of glutamine transporting proteins in mouse cerebellar and cerebral cortical astrocytes and neurons","volume":"44","author":"Dolinska","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurochemistry International"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0022|glia23133-cit-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23707","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M002282200","article-title":"Primary structure, genomic organization, and functional and electrogenic characteristics of human system N 1, a Na+- and H+-coupled glutamine transporter","volume":"275","author":"Fei","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0023|glia23133-cit-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.04649.x","article-title":"Glutamine uptake by System A transporters maintains neurotransmitter GABA synthesis and inhibitory synaptic transmission","volume":"102","author":"Fricke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0024|glia23133-cit-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.09.023","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localization of the amino acid transporter SNAT2 in the rat brain","volume":"130","author":"Gonzalez-Gonzalez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0025|glia23133-cit-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3230","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.7.3230","article-title":"Identification and characterization of an amino acid transporter expressed differentially in liver","volume":"97","author":"Gu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0026|glia23133-cit-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20500","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.162404","article-title":"Identification of SLC38A7 (SNAT7) protein as a glutamine transporter expressed in neurons","volume":"286","author":"Hagglund","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0027|glia23133-cit-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22386","article-title":"The system N transporter SN2 doubles as a transmitter precursor furnisher and a potential regulator of NMDA receptors","volume":"60","author":"Hamdani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0028|glia23133-cit-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0186(03)00014-7","article-title":"Asymmetry of glutamine transporters in cultured neural cells","volume":"43","author":"Heckel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurochemistry International"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0029|glia23133-cit-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7153","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007153","article-title":"Glutamate uptake triggers transporter-mediated GABA release from astrocytes","volume":"4","author":"Heja","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0030|glia23133-cit-0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7007-10-26","article-title":"Astrocytes convert network excitation to tonic inhibition of neurons","volume":"10","author":"Heja","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Biology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0031|glia23133-cit-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19990815)57:4<417::AID-JNR1>3.0.CO;2-N","article-title":"Astrocytes: Glutamate producers for neurons","volume":"57","author":"Hertz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0032|glia23133-cit-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(85)90107-4","article-title":"Mass transfer in brain dialysis devices-a new method for the estimation of extracellular amino acids concentration","volume":"15","author":"Jacobson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0033|glia23133-cit-0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2012.07694.x","article-title":"Glial glutamate transporter and glutamine synthetase regulate GABAergic synaptic strength in the spinal dorsal horn","volume":"121","author":"Jiang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0034|glia23133-cit-0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02478.x","article-title":"Quantitative determination of extracellular glutamine concentration in rat brain, and its elevation in vivo by system A transport inhibitor, alpha-(methylamino)isobutyrate","volume":"90","author":"Kanamori","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0035|glia23133-cit-0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4011","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)85625-9","article-title":"Characteristics of an amino acid transport system in rat liver for glutamine, asparagine, histidine, and closely related analogs","volume":"255","author":"Kilberg","year":"1980","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0036|glia23133-cit-0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4547(20000915)61:6<577::AID-JNR1>3.0.CO;2-T","article-title":"Freshly isolated astrocyte (FIA) preparations: A useful single cell system for studying astrocyte properties","volume":"61","author":"Kimelberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0037|glia23133-cit-0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22943","article-title":"Astrocyte sodium signaling and the regulation of neurotransmission","volume":"64","author":"Kirischuk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0038|glia23133-cit-0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-007-0207-5","article-title":"Membrane currents and cytoplasmic sodium transients generated by glutamate transport in Bergmann glial cells","volume":"454","author":"Kirischuk","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pflugers Archiv"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0039|glia23133-cit-0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2012.04.003","article-title":"Sodium dynamics: Another key to astroglial excitability?","volume":"35","author":"Kirischuk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends in Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0040|glia23133-cit-0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1995.65020871.x","article-title":"Glutamine from glial cells is essential for the maintenance of the nerve terminal pool of glutamate: Immunogold evidence from hippocampal slice cultures","volume":"65","author":"Laake","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0041|glia23133-cit-0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5859","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.182279","article-title":"Synaptically induced sodium signals in hippocampal astrocytes in situ","volume":"587","author":"Langer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0042|glia23133-cit-0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8537","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0329-06.2006","article-title":"Dynamic regulation of synaptic GABA release by the glutamate-glutamine cycle in hippocampal area CA1","volume":"26","author":"Liang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0043|glia23133-cit-0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23720","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M212718200","article-title":"Functional properties and cellular distribution of the system A glutamine transporter SNAT1 support specialized roles in central neurons","volume":"278","author":"Mackenzie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0044|glia23133-cit-0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90199-P","article-title":"AMPA glutamate receptor subunits are differentially distributed in rat brain","volume":"53","author":"Martin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0045|glia23133-cit-0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12211","article-title":"GLAST\/EAAT1-induced glutamine release via SNAT3 in Bergmann glial cells: Evidence of a functional and physical coupling","volume":"125","author":"Martinez-Lozada","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0046|glia23133-cit-0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23561","article-title":"Maintaining the presynaptic glutamate supply for excitatory neurotransmission","volume":"93","author":"Marx","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0047|glia23133-cit-0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3347","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21444","article-title":"The glutamate-glutamine cycle is not stoichiometric: Fates of glutamate in brain","volume":"85","author":"McKenna","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0048|glia23133-cit-0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhh018","article-title":"Localization of the glutamine transporter SNAT1 in rat cerebral cortex and neighboring structures, with a note on its localization in human cortex","volume":"14","author":"Melone","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0049|glia23133-cit-0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.02.042","article-title":"Localization of the Na(+)-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 in the cerebral cortex","volume":"140","author":"Melone","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0050|glia23133-cit-0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19449","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)47321-3","article-title":"Fluorescent indicators for cytosolic sodium","volume":"264","author":"Minta","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0051|glia23133-cit-0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.200910194","article-title":"The principal neurons of the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body and NG2(+) glial cells receive coordinated excitatory synaptic input","volume":"134","author":"Muller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of General Physiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0052|glia23133-cit-0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1996.66041665.x","article-title":"Glutamine transport in mouse cerebral astrocytes","volume":"66","author":"Nagaraja","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0053|glia23133-cit-0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1757","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.2001.281.6.C1757","article-title":"Cloning and functional characterization of a new subtype of the amino acid transport system N","volume":"281","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2001a","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology Cell Physiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0054|glia23133-cit-0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.4504","article-title":"Structure, function, and tissue expression pattern of human SN2, a subtype of the amino acid transport system N","volume":"281","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2001b","journal-title":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0055|glia23133-cit-0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(79)90071-4","article-title":"Fine structural localization of glutamine synthetase in astrocytes of rat brain","volume":"161","author":"Norenberg","year":"1979","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0056|glia23133-cit-0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(92)90141-N","article-title":"Metabolic compartmentation of glutamate and glutamine: Morphological evidence obtained by quantitative immunocytochemistry in rat cerebellum","volume":"46","author":"Ottersen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0057|glia23133-cit-0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1985.tb07173.x","article-title":"Concentration of free amino acids in primary cultures of neurones and astrocytes","volume":"44","author":"Patel","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0058|glia23133-cit-0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.10-07-02385.1990","article-title":"Structure-activity relationships for amino acid transmitter candidates acting at N-methyl-D-aspartate and quisqualate receptors","volume":"10","author":"Patneau","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0059|glia23133-cit-0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2009.05.001","article-title":"Tripartite synapses: Astrocytes process and control synaptic information","volume":"32","author":"Perea","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends in Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0060|glia23133-cit-0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19738","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.28.19738","article-title":"Identification of a membrane protein, LAT-2, that Co-expresses with 4F2 heavy chain, an L-type amino acid transport activity with broad specificity for small and large zwitterionic amino acids","volume":"274","author":"Pineda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0061|glia23133-cit-0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01713.x","article-title":"Inhibition of glutamine transport depletes glutamate and GABA neurotransmitter pools: Further evidence for metabolic compartmentation","volume":"85","author":"Rae","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0062|glia23133-cit-0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2736(99)00224-2","article-title":"Cloning and functional characterization of a Na(+)-independent, broad-specific neutral amino acid transporter from mammalian intestine","volume":"1463","author":"Rajan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0063|glia23133-cit-0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(95)00065-R","article-title":"Changes in amino acid levels in rat plasma, cisternal cerebrospinal fluid, and brain tissue induced by intravenously infused arginine-vasopressin","volume":"16","author":"Reichel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0064|glia23133-cit-0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.200910354","article-title":"Neuron-astrocyte interactions in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body","volume":"135","author":"Reyes-Haro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of General Physiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0065|glia23133-cit-0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.11.011","article-title":"Expression of the System N transporter (SNAT5\/SN2) during development indicates its plausible role in glutamatergic neurotransmission","volume":"73","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurochemistry International"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0066|glia23133-cit-0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22492","article-title":"Two sides of the same coin: Sodium homeostasis and signaling in astrocytes under physiological and pathophysiological conditions","volume":"61","author":"Rose","year":"2013","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0067|glia23133-cit-0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021216","article-title":"Intracellular sodium homeostasis in rat hippocampal astrocytes","volume":"491","author":"Rose","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0068|glia23133-cit-0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22964","article-title":"Principles of sodium homeostasis and sodium signalling in astroglia","volume":"64","author":"Rose","year":"2016","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0069|glia23133-cit-0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.65.092101.142131","article-title":"In vivo NMR studies of the glutamate neurotransmitter flux and neuroenergetics: Implications for brain function","volume":"65","author":"Rothman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annual Review of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0070|glia23133-cit-0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9135","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-24-09135.2000","article-title":"Specialized synapse-associated structures within the calyx of Held","volume":"20","author":"Rowland","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0071|glia23133-cit-0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(89)91237-7","article-title":"NMDA receptor activation by residual glutamate in glutamine preparations: A cautionary note regarding weak NMDA receptor agonists","volume":"495","author":"Sands","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0072|glia23133-cit-0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10567","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-24-10567.2002","article-title":"Three-dimensional reconstruction of a calyx of Held and its postsynaptic principal neuron in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body","volume":"22","author":"Satzler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0073|glia23133-cit-0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-006-0272-7","article-title":"The calyx of Held","volume":"326","author":"Schneggenburger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell and Tissue Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0074|glia23133-cit-0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1979.tb04579.x","article-title":"Phosphate activated glutaminase activity and glutamine uptake in primary cultures of astrocytes","volume":"32","author":"Schousboe","year":"1979","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0075|glia23133-cit-0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19745","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.28.19745","article-title":"Identification and functional characterization of a Na+-independent neutral amino acid transporter with broad substrate selectivity","volume":"274","author":"Segawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0076|glia23133-cit-0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06172.x","article-title":"Manganese disrupts astrocyte glutamine transporter expression and function","volume":"110","author":"Sidoryk-Wegrzynowicz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0077|glia23133-cit-0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2005.12.026","article-title":"Selective decrease of SN1(SNAT3) mRNA expression in human and rat glioma cells adapted to grow in acidic medium","volume":"48","author":"Sidoryk","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurochemistry International"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0078|glia23133-cit-0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3127","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.79.6.3127","article-title":"Anatomy and physiology of principal cells of the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) of the cat","volume":"79","author":"Smith","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0079|glia23133-cit-0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-0186(93)90064-C","article-title":"Direct demonstration by [13C]NMR spectroscopy that glutamine from astrocytes is a precursor for GABA synthesis in neurons","volume":"22","author":"Sonnewald","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurochemistry International"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0080|glia23133-cit-0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.12.026","article-title":"A local glutamate-glutamine cycle sustains synaptic excitatory transmitter release","volume":"81","author":"Tani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0081|glia23133-cit-0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0106-09.2010","article-title":"Glutamine is required for persistent epileptiform activity in the disinhibited neocortical brain slice","volume":"30","author":"Tani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0082|glia23133-cit-0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3873","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)50607-X","article-title":"Expression of rat liver glutamine transporters in Xenopus laevis oocytes","volume":"267","author":"Taylor","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0083|glia23133-cit-0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22829","article-title":"High effective cytosolic H+ buffering in mouse cortical astrocytes attributable to fast bicarbonate transport","volume":"63","author":"Theparambil","year":"2015","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0084|glia23133-cit-0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3533","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270086","article-title":"Reversed electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 1 is the major acid loader during recovery from cytosolic alkalosis in mouse cortical astrocytes","volume":"593","author":"Theparambil","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0085|glia23133-cit-0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22294","article-title":"Intracellular Na+ concentration influences short-term plasticity of glutamate transporter-mediated currents in neocortical astrocytes","volume":"60","author":"Unichenko","year":"2012","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0086|glia23133-cit-0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14883","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.25.14883","article-title":"Cloning and functional characterization of a system ASC-like Na+-dependent neutral amino acid transporter","volume":"271","author":"Utsunomiya-Tate","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0087|glia23133-cit-0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.226605","article-title":"Activation of glutamate transport evokes rapid glutamine release from perisynaptic astrocytes","volume":"590","author":"Uwechue","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0088|glia23133-cit-0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(99)00093-4","article-title":"Ion channels in glial cells","volume":"32","author":"Verkhratsky","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Research Reviews"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0089|glia23133-cit-0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s004240050679","article-title":"Comparison of simultaneous pH measurements made with 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulphonic acid (HPTS) and pH-sensitive microelectrodes in snail neurones","volume":"436","author":"Willoughby","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pflugers Archiv"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0090|glia23133-cit-0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(89)91115-3","article-title":"Glutamine currents in hippocampal neurons are attributable to contaminating glutamate","volume":"498","author":"Yamada","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0091|glia23133-cit-0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20964","article-title":"Attenuation of inhibitory synaptic transmission by glial dysfunction in rat thalamus","volume":"65","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0092|glia23133-cit-0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1038\/383634a0","article-title":"Flux coupling in a neuronal glutamate transporter","volume":"383","author":"Zerangue","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1002\/glia.23133-BIB0093|glia23133-cit-0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13376","article-title":"System N transporters are critical for glutamine release and modulate metabolic fluxes of glucose and acetate in cultured cortical astrocytes: Changes induced by ammonia","volume":"136","author":"Zielinska","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"}],"container-title":["Glia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fglia.23133","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/wol1\/doi\/10.1002\/glia.23133\/fullpdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]],"date-time":"2024-06-22T21:43:23Z","timestamp":1719092603000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/glia.23133"}},"subtitle":["TODD et al."],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]]},"references-count":93,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/glia.23133","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0894-1491"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0894-1491","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]]}}}