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They are in contact with multiple synapses at once allowing the expansion of local synaptic events into activity changes in neuronal networks. Furthermore, cortical astrocytes integrate local sensory inputs and behavioral state. From an anatomical, molecular, and functional perspective, astrocytes are thus ideal candidates to influence complex large\u2010scale brain mechanisms such as plasticity. We collected evidence for the astrocytic potential for plasticity modulation, using the monocular enucleation (ME) mouse model of visual cortex plasticity. The impact of one\u2010eyed vision involves the functional recruitment of the deprived visual cortex by the spared senses within a 7\u2010week time frame, reflecting a substantial change in sensory information processing. In visually deprived cortex, a swift upregulation in Aldh1l1\u2010positive astrocyte density lasts until maximal functional recovery is reached. Transient metabolic silencing of visual cortex astrocytes at the time of ME induction, through intracranial fluorocitrate injections, reveals that astrocytes are required on site to achieve adequate long\u2010term neuronal reactivation. In addition, chronic stimulation by G\n                      <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                      but not G\n                      <jats:sub>q<\/jats:sub>\n                      G\u2010protein coupled receptor activation of local astrocytes boosts the cortical plasticity phenomenon. Hence, functional manipulation of protoplasmic astrocytes has long\u2010lasting effects on the functional recovery of cortical neurons upon sensory loss, possibly by influencing the neuronal threshold to reactivate. Together, our results highlight an integral role for astrocytes in mediating adult cortical plasticity and unmask astrocyte specific G\n                      <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                      signaling as an interesting therapeutic pathway for brain plasticity regulation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T11:38:53Z","timestamp":1585741133000},"page":"2102-2118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Astrocytes shape the plastic response of adult cortical neurons to vision loss"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2592-6155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maroussia","family":"Hennes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"VIB KU Leuven Center for Brain &amp; Disease Research  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Leuven Brain Institute  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Lombaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Wahis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VIB KU Leuven Center for Brain &amp; Disease Research  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Leuven Brain Institute  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Van den Haute","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"KU Leuven Viral Vector Core  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew G.","family":"Holt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VIB KU Leuven Center for Brain &amp; Disease Research  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Leuven Brain Institute  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2909-8449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lutgarde","family":"Arckens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Leuven Brain Institute  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"92","article-title":"A highly reproducible and straightforward method to perform in vivo ocular enucleation in the mouse after eye opening","author":"Aerts J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(98)01349-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0700293104"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2017.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-14198-8"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"1546","article-title":"Astrocyte layers in the mammalian cerebral cortex revealed by a single\u2010cell in situ transcriptomic map","volume":"23","author":"Bayraktar O. 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