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Others and we have demonstrated that chronic neuroinflammation mediated by reactive microglial cells plays a role in glaucomatous pathology. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by most cells, including microglia, that mediate intercellular communication. The role of microglial exosomes in glaucomatous degeneration remains unknown. Taking the prominent role of microglial exosomes in brain neurodegenerative diseases, we studied the contribution of microglial\u2010derived exosomes to the inflammatory response in experimental glaucoma. Microglial cells were exposed to elevated hydrostatic pressure (EHP), to mimic elevated intraocular pressure, the main risk factor for glaucoma. Na\u00efve microglia (BV\u20102 cells or retinal microglia) were exposed to exosomes derived from BV\u20102 cells under EHP conditions (BV\u2010Exo\u2010EHP) or cultured in control pressure (BV\u2010Exo\u2010Control). 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Herein, we show that exosomes derived from retinal microglia have an autocrine function and propagate the inflammatory signal in conditions of elevated pressure, contributing to retinal degeneration in glaucomatous conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]],"date-time":"2020-07-09T16:32:26Z","timestamp":1594312346000},"page":"2705-2724","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Exosomes derived from microglia exposed to elevated pressure amplify the neuroinflammatory response in retinal cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8384-9648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas Dinis","family":"Aires","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra  Coimbra 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